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Question 1

The Truman doctrine

Answer 1

the policy of President Truman, as advocated in his address to Congress on March 12, 1947, to provide military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey and, by extension, to any country threatened by Communism or any totalitarian ideology.

Question 2

The iron curtain

Answer 2

the political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union after World War II to seal off itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies from open contact with the West and other noncommunist areas.

Question 3

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Answer 3

authorized President Lyndon Johnson to “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression” by the communist government of North Vietnam.

Question 4

The Space Race

Answer 4

was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), to achieve firsts in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the ballistic missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II.

Question 5

Containment

Answer 5

A military strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy, best known as the Cold War policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism.

Question 6

The Peace Corps

Answer 6

is a volunteer program run by the United States government. Its official mission is to provide social and economic development abroad through technical assistance, while promoting mutual understanding between Americans and populations served.

Question 7

Fidel Castro

Answer 7

was a Cuban communist revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008.

Question 8

Harry Truman

Answer 8

was the 33rd president of the United States from 1945 to 1953, succeeding upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt after serving as vice president. He implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, and established the ________ Doctrine and NATO.

Question 9

What does NATO stand for ?

Answer 9

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 10

Watergate

Answer 10

scandal was a major federal political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974. … Meanwhile, Nixon’s administration resisted its probes, which led to a constitutional crisis.

Question 11

Iran

Answer 11

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Question 12

Mutually Assured Destruction

Answer 12

is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender (see pre-emptive nuclear strike and second strike).

Question 13

Revolution in Iran

Answer 13

was the 1979 overthrow of Iran’s monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic Republic. … The revolution is notable as an instance where a modernizing democracy was replaced by a theocracy. Political relations between Iran and the United States remain hostile to this day.

Question 14

Détente

Answer 14

is the name given to a period of improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union that began tentatively in 1971 and took decisive form when President Richard M. Nixon visited the secretary-general of the Soviet Communist party, Leonid I. Brezhnev, …

Question 15

Taiwan

Answer 15

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Question 16

The Korean War

Answer 16

fought in the early 1950s between the United Nations, supported by the United States, and the communist Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). The war began in 1950, when North Korea invaded South Korea.

Question 17

The Warsaw Pact

Answer 17

A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the ________ included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.

Question 18

The Cold War

Answer 18

was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union with its satellite states (the Eastern Bloc), and the United States with its allies (the Western Bloc) after World War II. … The ________ began to de-escalate after the Revolutions of 1989.

Question 19

Ronald Regan

Answer 19

was an American politician who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989 and became the highly influential voice of modern conservatism. … was a Democrat until 1962 when he switched to the Republican Party.

Question 20

China

Answer 20

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Question 21

NATO

Answer 21

an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries. UN. an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security. World Bank.

Question 22

The Tet Offensive

Answer 22

was a coordinated series of North Vietnamese attacks on more than 100 cities and outposts in South Vietnam. The offensive was an attempt to foment rebellion among the South Vietnamese population and encourage the United States to scale back its involvement in the Vietnam War.

Question 23

Potsdam

Answer 23

Conference. Held near Berlin, the __________ Conference (July 17-August 2, 1945) was the last of the World War II meetings held by the “Big Three” heads of state. … The leaders arrived at various agreements on the German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries and reparations.

Question 24

The Marshall plan

Answer 24

was a U.S.-sponsored program implemented following World War II to aid European countries that had been destroyed as a result of the war. It was laid out by U.S. Secretary of State _______ during an address at Harvard University in 1947.

Question 25

Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 25

is a Russian and formerly Soviet politician. The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, he was General Secretary of its governing Communist Party from 1985 until 1991. … He was the only leader of the Union born after its establishment in 1922.

Question 26

Vietnam

Answer 26

War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Question 27

Douglas MacArthur

Answer 27

was an American general who commanded the Southwest Pacific in World War II (1939-1945), oversaw the successful Allied occupation of postwar Japan and led United Nations forces in the Korean War (1950-1953).

Question 28

NSC-68

Answer 28

United States Objectives and Programs for National Security, better known as NSC 68, was a 66-page top secret National Security Council (NSC) policy paper drafted by the Department of State and Department of Defense and presented to President Harry S. Truman on 7 April 1950.

Question 29

The Bay of Pigs

Answer 29

invasion was a failed attempt by US-sponsored Cuban exiles to reverse Fidel Castro’s Cuban Revolution, beginning with a military invasion of northern Cuba. A Central Intelligence Agency-sponsored rebel group, Brigade 2506, attempted an invasion on 17 April 1961 that lasted just three days.

Question 30

The Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 30

was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was the moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict.

Question 31

Yalta Conference

Answer 31

also known as the Crimea Conference and code-named the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe.

Question 32

Economics of Africa

Answer 32

consists of the trade, industry, agriculture, and human resources of the continent. … Several international business observers have also named Africa as the future economic growth engine of the world.

Question 33

Berlin

Answer 33

was a divided city before the wall. At the end of the Second World War, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation under the control of the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union. Although located within the Soviet zone, was also split amongst the four powers.

Question 34

Nikita Khrushchev

Answer 34

was a Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964.

Question 35

Chinese Civil War

Answer 35

was a civil war in China fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China (ROC) and the Communist Party of China (CPC) lasting intermittently between 1927 and 1949.

Question 36

Vietnamization

Answer 36

was a policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War through a program to “expand, equip, and train South Vietnamese forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops.”

Question 37

Berlin Airlift

Answer 37

A military operation in the late 1940s that brought food and other needed goods into West Berlin by air after the government of East Germany, which at that time surrounded West Berlin (see Berlin wall) (see also Berlin wall), had cut off its supply routes.

Question 38

Tiananmen Square

Answer 38

is a city square in the centre of Beijing, China, named after the _______ (‘Gate of Heavenly Peace’) located to its north, separating it from the Forbidden City.

Question 39

The Suez Canal

Answer 39

a sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. Constructed by the ___________Company between 1859 and 1869, it officially opened on 17 November 1869.

Question 40

The Middle East

Answer 40

is a geographical region that has been of great importance in history since ancient times. Strategically located, it is a natural land bridge connecting the continents of Asia, Africa, and Europe.