4 Flashcards
(40 cards)
The Truman doctrine
the policy of President Truman, as advocated in his address to Congress on March 12, 1947, to provide military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey and, by extension, to any country threatened by Communism or any totalitarian ideology.
The iron curtain
the political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union after World War II to seal off itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies from open contact with the West and other noncommunist areas.
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
authorized President Lyndon Johnson to “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression” by the communist government of North Vietnam.
The Space Race
was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), to achieve firsts in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the ballistic missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II.
Containment
A military strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy, best known as the Cold War policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism.
The Peace Corps
is a volunteer program run by the United States government. Its official mission is to provide social and economic development abroad through technical assistance, while promoting mutual understanding between Americans and populations served.
Fidel Castro
was a Cuban communist revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008.
Harry Truman
was the 33rd president of the United States from 1945 to 1953, succeeding upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt after serving as vice president. He implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, and established the ________ Doctrine and NATO.
What does NATO stand for ?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Watergate
scandal was a major federal political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974. … Meanwhile, Nixon’s administration resisted its probes, which led to a constitutional crisis.
Iran
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Mutually Assured Destruction
is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender (see pre-emptive nuclear strike and second strike).
Revolution in Iran
was the 1979 overthrow of Iran’s monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic Republic. … The revolution is notable as an instance where a modernizing democracy was replaced by a theocracy. Political relations between Iran and the United States remain hostile to this day.
Détente
is the name given to a period of improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union that began tentatively in 1971 and took decisive form when President Richard M. Nixon visited the secretary-general of the Soviet Communist party, Leonid I. Brezhnev, …
Taiwan
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The Korean War
fought in the early 1950s between the United Nations, supported by the United States, and the communist Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea). The war began in 1950, when North Korea invaded South Korea.
The Warsaw Pact
A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the ________ included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.
The Cold War
was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union with its satellite states (the Eastern Bloc), and the United States with its allies (the Western Bloc) after World War II. … The ________ began to de-escalate after the Revolutions of 1989.
Ronald Regan
was an American politician who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989 and became the highly influential voice of modern conservatism. … was a Democrat until 1962 when he switched to the Republican Party.
China
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NATO
an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries. UN. an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security. World Bank.
The Tet Offensive
was a coordinated series of North Vietnamese attacks on more than 100 cities and outposts in South Vietnam. The offensive was an attempt to foment rebellion among the South Vietnamese population and encourage the United States to scale back its involvement in the Vietnam War.
Potsdam
Conference. Held near Berlin, the __________ Conference (July 17-August 2, 1945) was the last of the World War II meetings held by the “Big Three” heads of state. … The leaders arrived at various agreements on the German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries and reparations.
The Marshall plan
was a U.S.-sponsored program implemented following World War II to aid European countries that had been destroyed as a result of the war. It was laid out by U.S. Secretary of State _______ during an address at Harvard University in 1947.
