4. WBC and disease Flashcards
(20 cards)
what is a polymorphonuclear cell?
granulocytes
3 polymorphonuclear cells
basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils
where are neutrophils produced/
BM
which is the 1st cell to arrive at site of infection?
neutrophils
what other cell count rises with neutrophils?
monocytes
2 types of non-malignant WBC diseases
quantitative disorders and morphological abnormalities
2 examples of morphological abnormalities in benign WBC
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Pelger-Heut anomoly
3 types of WBC malignant diseases
leukaemia
lymphoma
myeloma
2 types of leukaemia
acute and chronic
what lab findings are associated with haemolytic anaemia
low Hb
increased bilirubin - jaundice
what is a haematological malignancy (HM)?
a clonal disease which is derived from 1 single BM cell - which is a result of a genetic alteration
4 types of HM of leukaemia
acute myeloid, acute lymphoid, chronic myeloid, chronic lymphoid
what is the difference between acute and chronic leukaemia in terms of which cells it is associated with?
acute - stem cells/early progenitor
chronic - mature cells
what is the difference between acute and chronic leukaemia in terms of progression of the disease
acute - fast
chronic - slow
what is the difference between acute and chronic leukaemia in terms of treatment
acute - immediate - fatal if left untreated
chronic - can delay
how to diagnose acute leukaemia ?
accumulation of early haemopoietic cells in BM (blast cells)
FAB classficiation of leukaemia
- morphology
- cytochemistry; sudan black
acute myeloid = M0, M1, M2
acute lymphoblastic = L1, L2, L3
WHO classification of leukaemia (6)
- morphology
- cytogenetics
- prognosis and treatment
- immunophenotyping
- genotype
- pathophysiology
which leukaemia involves the Philidelphia chromosome?
chronic myeloid leukaemia
which is the most common chronic leukaemia?
CLL
