40A - Lab - Exercise #14

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

Muscle tendon that is attached to the stationary bone

Question 2

Insertion

Answer 2

Muscle tendon that is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts

Question 3

Flexion

Answer 3

Decrease in the angle of a joint

Question 4

Extension

Answer 4

Increase in the angle of a joint

Question 5

Abductor muscle

Answer 5

Moves an appendage away to midline

Question 6

Adductor muscle

Answer 6

Moves an appendage closer to the mindline

Question 7

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 7

Action: Closes eye

Question 8

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 8

Action: Closes mouth

Question 9

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 9

Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal
Action: One muscle (R/L) contracting laterally flexes head AND rotates head to opposite side and both muscles contracting will flex head forward

Question 10

Platyzma

Answer 10

Part of muscle that attaches to skin in neck

Question 11

Pectoralis Major

Answer 11

“Chest”

Question 12

External Oblique

Answer 12

Action: One muscle (R/L) contracting laterally bends torso side to side (as in saying no) AND both muscles contracting will flex the vertebral column and contract the abdominal muscles

Question 13

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 13

Origin: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion: Costal cartilage of ribs and xiphoid process of sternum
Action: Flexes vertebral column AND compress the abdomen with contraction (used for sit ups)

Question 14

External Intercostals

Answer 14

Superficial; Between ribs

Action: Raises ribs at inhalation, increase thoracic cavity size

Question 15

Internal Intercostals

Answer 15

Inner muscles

Action: Lowers ribs at exhalation; decrease thoracic cavity size

Question 16

Diaphragm

Answer 16

Separates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

Question 17

3 Openings in diaphragm

Answer 17

Esophageal Hiatus, Aortic Hiatus, Caval Opening

Question 18

Opening in diaphragm for esophagus

Answer 18

Esophageal Hiatus

Question 19

Opening in diaphragm for abdominal aorta

Answer 19

Aortic Hiatus

Question 20

Opening in diaphragm for inferior vena cava

Answer 20

Caval Opening

Question 21

Trapezius

Answer 21

“Top portion of back” (Excludes shoulders)

Question 22

Deltoid

Answer 22

“Shoulder”

Question 23

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 23

“Lower portion of back”

Question 24

Biceps brachii

Answer 24

Postion: Anterior
Origin: 2 tendons of origin both on scapula
Insertion: Radius (proximal)
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint AND flexes arm at shoulder joint

Question 25

Brachialis

Answer 25

Position: Anterior, beneath biceps brachii Origin: Humerus (proximal) Insertion: Ulna (proximal) Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint

Question 26

Triceps brachii

Answer 26

Postion: Posterior Origin: Humerus (proximal) AND scapula Insertion: Ulna (proximal) Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint

Question 27

Brachioradialis

Answer 27

Postion: Anterior, lateral Origin: Humerus (distal) Insertion: Radius (distal) Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint

Question 28

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 28

Position: Anterior Origin: Humerus (passes over radius) Insertion: Metacarpals Action: Flexes hand at wrist joint

Question 29

Extensor carpi radialis

Answer 29

Position: Posterior Origin: Humerus (passes over radius) Insertion: Metacarpals Action: extends hand at wrist joint

Question 30

Specific neurotransmitter for muscles

Answer 30

Acetylcholine

Question 31

Rectus Femoris

Answer 31

Origin: Ilium of coxal bone Insertion: Patella AND tibial tuberosity Action: Flex the thigh at the hip bone

Question 32

Vastus lateralis / Vastus medialis

Answer 32

Origin: Femur Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity Action: Extend the leg at the knee

Question 33

Vastus intermedius

Answer 33

Origin: Femur (*deep to rectus femoris) Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity Action: Extend the leg at the knee

Question 34

Semitendinosus

Answer 34

*TOP MUSCLE Origin: Ischial tuberosity Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move leg backward

Question 35

Semimembranosus

Answer 35

*MEDIAL IN POSITION Origin: Ischial tuberosity Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move backward

Question 36

Biceps femoris

Answer 36

*MORE LATERAL IN POSITION Origin: Ischial tuberosity Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND extends thigh at the hip to move backward

Question 37

Sartorius

Answer 37

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee AND flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip to allow us to sit with legs crossed

Question 38

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 38

Action: Extends thigh at the hip to move leg backward AND rotates thigh laterally

Question 39

Gracilis

Answer 39

Action: Adducts thigh AND medially rotates thigh AND flexes leg at the knee

Question 40

Tibialis anterior

Answer 40

Origin: Tibia Insertion: Metatarsals Action: Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

Question 41

Gastrocnemius

Answer 41

Origin: Lateral AND medial condyle of femur Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes leg at knee joint (point feet)

Question 42

Soleus

Answer 42

Position: Beneath the gastronemius

Question 43

Calcaneal Tendon

Answer 43

Achilles tendon