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Pharmacy Drugs > 415 Exam 4 Drugs > Flashcards

415 Exam 4 Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the DOC for uncomplicated gonorrhea infections of the cervix, urethra, and rectum

A

Ceftriaxone 250mg IM once
Plus
Azithromycin 1g PO once OR
Doxycycline 100mg PO BID for 7 days

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2
Q

DOC for chlamydia

A

Azithromycin 1g PO once OR

Doxycycline 100mg PO BID for 7 days

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3
Q

DOC for patient who has chlamydia AND gonorrhea

A

Azithromycin 2g PO once

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4
Q

DOC for treatment of chlamydia in pregnant patients

A

Erythromycin base 500mg QID for 7 days OR

Amoxicillin 500mg TID for 7 days

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5
Q

DOC for trichomoniasis treatment

A

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

  • short course: 2g PO once
  • extended course: 500mg PO BID for 7 days
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6
Q

DOC for outpatient PID patients

A

Ceftriaxone 250mg IM once
plus
Doxycycline 100mg BID for 14 days
+/- Metronidazole 500mg BID for 14 day

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7
Q

DOC for inpatient PID patients

A

Cefoxitin 2g IV q6h
plus
Doxycycline 100mg IV q12h

Continue for 24 hours after improvement then follow with:
Doxycycline 100mg PO BID to complete 14 days of treatment

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8
Q

DOC for primary, secondary, and early latent (<1 year duration with neg CSF) syphilis

A

Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 MU IM once

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9
Q

DOC for latent (neg CSF >1 year or unknown duration) syphilis

A

Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 MU IM weekly for 3 weeks

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10
Q

DOC for neuro/cardiovascular syphilis

A

Aqueous Penicillin G 3-4 MU IV q4h for 10-14 days

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11
Q

DOC for first episode of genital herpes

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400mg TID or 200mg 5x/day OR
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 1g BID OR
Famiciclovir (Famvir) 250mg TID
For 7-10 days

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12
Q

DOC for recurrent/episodic genital herpes

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400mg TID or 200mg 5x/d or 800mg BID for 5 days (or 800mg TID for 2 days) OR

Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 500mg BID for 3 days or 1g QD for 5 days OR

Famiciclovir (Famvir) 125mg BID for 5 days or 1000mg BID for 1 day or 500mg once followed by 250mg BID for 2 days

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13
Q

DOC for suppressive therapy for genital herpes

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400mg BID OR
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 500mg QD or 1g QD OR
Famiciclovir (Famvir) 250mg BID daily

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14
Q

DOC for severe disseminated herpes simplex

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) 5-10 mg/kg IV q8h until clinical improvement followed by oral for a total of at least 10 days

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15
Q

DOC for mild to moderate CDAD

A

Metronidazole 500mg TID for 10-14 days
OR
Vancomycin PO 125-500mg QID

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16
Q

DOC for severe CDAD

A

Vancomycin PO 125-500mg QID
plus
Metronidazole 500mg QID-TID for 10-14 days

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17
Q

DOC for patients who have toxic megacolon

A

Metronidazole 500mg IV QID for 10-14 days
OR
Vancomycin retention enema 500-1000mg in 1-2L of isotonic saline q4-12h

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18
Q

DOC for the first recurrent episode of CDAD

A

Vancomycin PO 125-500mg QID
plus
Metronidazole 500mg QID-TID for 10-14 days

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19
Q

DOC for the second recurrent episode of CDAD

A

Tapering dose of oral Vancomycin

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20
Q

DOC for the third recurrent episode of CDAD

A

Vancomycin 125mg QID for 14 days
following by
Rifixamin 400mg BID for 14 days

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21
Q

alternative (expensive) options for treating CDAD

A

Fidaxomicin (Dificid) 200mg BID

Bezlotoxumab (Zinplava)

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22
Q

DOC for folliculitis (if antibiotics needed)

A

Topical antibiotics: clindamycin, erythromycin, or mupirocin 2% ointment applied 3 times daily for 3-5 days

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23
Q

antibiotics recommended for persistent carbuncle treatment

A

Cephalexin 250-500mg q6h

Dicloxacillin 250-500mg q6h

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24
Q

DOC for erysipelas

A

Penicillin VK 250-500 PO q6h OR
Procaine Penicillin G 600,000 units IM q12h (or 1MU q4h)
Clindamycin 150-300 q6-8h
Erythromycin 250-500mg q6h

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25
DOC topical treatment for impetigo
Mupirocin 2% (Bactroban) BID for 5 days | If MRSA: Retapamulin (Altabax) BID for 5 days
26
systemic treatment is given for MSSA or Strep impetigo
Dicloxacillin Cephalexin Erythromycin Clindamycin (ONLY for PCN allergy)
27
systemic treatment is given for MRSA impetigo
Clindamycin TMP/SMX Doxycycline
28
DOC for cellulitis WITHOUT systemic manifestations (MRSA not suspected)
Cephalexin 500mg QID Dicloxacillin 500mg QID Clindamycin 300-450mg QID (last choice) 5-10 days
29
DOC for cellulitis WITHOUT systemic manifestations (MRSA suspected)
Doxycycline 100mg BID Clindamycin 300-450mg QID TMP/SMX DS 1 tab BID 5-10 days
30
DOC for cellulitis WITH moderate to severe infection (MRSA not suspected)
*Cefazolin* 1g IV q8h Nafcillin or Oxacillin 1-2g IV q4h Clindamycin 600mg IV q8h
31
DOC for cellulitis WITH moderate to severe infection (MRSA suspected)
*Vancomycin* 15-20mg/kg q12-8h (max dose 2g, goal trough 10-15) Add Zosyn for anaerobes
32
DOC for cellulitis with moderate to severe infection and possible polymicrobial (including anaerobes)
Zosyn 3.375g q6h Meropenem 1-2g q8h Ceftazidime 1g q8h or Cefepime 2g q12h *plus* Metronidazole
33
DOC for type 1 necrotizing faciitis
``` Zosyn 3.375 IV q6h OR Meropenem 1-2g q8h *plus* Clindamycin 600-900mg IV q8h *plus* Vancomycin (daptomycin or linezolid) ```
34
DOC for type 2 necrotizing faciitis
Clindamycin and Penicillin G
35
DOC for mild diabetic foot ulcers
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate - Clindamycin + cephalexin - Levofloxacin + Clindamycin
36
DOC for moderate to severe diabetic foot ulcers
Zosyn 3.375g q6h Meropenem 1-2g q8h Ceftazidime 1g q8h or Cefepime 2g q12h *plus* Metronidazole
37
DOC for mild human/dog/cat bite treatment
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate | - TMP/SMX + Clindamycin or Metronidazole
38
Empiric therapy for primary SBP
Ceftriaxone Ceftazadime Cafotaxime Cefepime
39
anaerobic agent can be added to primary SBP therapy if absence of response
Clindamycin | Metronidazole
40
treatment recommendations of secondary bacterial peritonitis (combinations)
Clindamycin or Metronidazole *plus* Antipseudomonal quinolone (Cipro) or Aminoglycoside
41
treatments of secondary bacterial peritonitis that do not require a combination
``` *Zosyn* Unasyn Imipenem/cilastin Meropenem Ertapenem ```
42
treatment recommendations for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
-Vancomycin (if G+) 30mg/L -Aminoglycoside (8mg/L) or Cipro (if G-) IV or intraperitoneal
43
treatment recommendations for acute cholecystitis and cholangitis
Zosyn or Aminoglycoside *plus* Clindamycin or Metronidazole Ceftazadime or cefepime *plus* Metronidazole or Clindamycin Carbapenem
44
single-dose therapy for UTIs
``` Fosfomycin tromethamine (Monurol) -single dose 3g powder packet dissolved in water (take on empty stomach) ```
45
three day therapy for uncomplicated simple UTI
TMP/SMX DS (Bactrim DS) BID for 3 days
46
seven day DOC therapy for UTI
- TMP/SMX DS BID - Amoxicillin/clavulanate 875mg BID - Amoxicillin 500mg TID - Nitrofurantoin 100mg BID
47
outpatient treatment recommendations for acute pyelonephritis (nonpregnant women)
-TMP/SMX BID for 14 days -Cirpro 500mg BID for 7 days -Ceftriaxone 1g IV/IM once *plus* TMP/SMX or beta lactam Follow up with culture at completion of therapy
48
empiric therapy for inpatient pyelonephritis
- *ceftriaxone* 1g q24h - Zosyn 4.75g q8h - Ertapenem or Meropenem - Cipro *IF* local resistance <10%
49
prophylaxis treatment should be given if recurrent UTI is related to intercourse
TMP/SMX 1 tab or Nitrofurantoin 50-100mg or Cephalexin 250mg *after intercourse*
50
prophylaxis treatment should be given if recurrent UTI is unrelated to intercourse
TMP/SMX 1/2 tab at bedtime or 1 tab 3x/week or Nitrofurantoin 50-100mg at bedtime or Cephalexin 250mg at bedtime
51
DOC for bacterial prostatitis (when N. gonorrhea is NOT suspected)
TMP/SMX 10-14 days | do not give quinalones empirically
52
DOC for athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch
OTC therapy—Antifungals - Clotrimazole - Miconazole - Butenafine - Terbinafine - Tolnaftate
53
DOC for Interdigital tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis
Naftifine (Naftin 1 or 2% cream and gel) | Luliconazole (Luzu 1% cream)
54
DOC for onychomycosis
Terbinafine (Lamisil) 250mg/day 6-12 weeks
55
DOC for uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis
Topical: Clotrimazole (1, 2, 10%), Micronazole (2%), Miconazole supp, Ticonazole (2,6%) Oral: Fluconazole 150mg daily Nystatin 100,000unit daily intravaginally 14 days
56
DOC for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis
Fluconazole 150mg qw x6 months
57
DOC for oropharyngeal candidiasis in healthy uncomplicated, HIV pts on HAART w/mild OPC and minimal esophageal likelihood
Nystatin topical Clotrimazole troches Miconazole buccal
58
DOC for oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with refractory to topical OTC and cannot tolerate topical , moderate to severe disease and high risk for systemic disease
Systemic therapy FLuconazole Itraconazole solution
59
DOC for systemic Candida in immunocompetent adults
Echinocandins or | Fluconazole 800mg load then 400mg (IF C. albicans)
60
DOC for systemic Candida in Immunocompromised patients
Echinocandins
61
DOC for esophageal candidiasis
Fluconazole 200-400mg PO QD for 14-21 days
62
DOC symptomatic Candiduria
Fluconazole 200mg daily for 2 weeks Alternative: AmB bladder irrigation
63
DOC for Aspergillosis
Azoles
64
DOC for invasive Aspergillosis
Voriconazole (start with IV, switch to PO) 6-12 weeks
65
DOC for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Itraconazole or Voriconazole *plus* steroid
66
DOC for Aspergilloma
Surgery then Itraconazole or Voriconazole
67
DOC Non-HIV patients for cryptococcosis
Fluconazole 6-12 months Induction: AmB + Flucytosine 4weeks Consolidation: Fluconazole 400-800mg for 8 weeks Maintenance: Fluconazole 200mg for 6-12 months
68
DOC for HIV patients with cryptococcosis
Fluconazole for life Indication: AmB + Flucytosine for 4 weeks Consolidation: Fluconazole 400mg for 8 weeks Maintenance: Fluconazole 200mg for > 1year
69
DOC for acute pulmonary histoplasmosis
Ampho B with steroid then Itraconazole for 12 weeks
70
DOC for chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis
AmphoB then Itraconazole for 12-24 months
71
DOC for non-AIDS disseminated histoplasmosis
AmphoB then ITZ for at least 12 months
72
DOC AIDS disseminated histoplasmosis
AmphoB then Itraconazole for life
73
DOC for pulmonary life-threatening blastomycosis
Lipid AmphB then Itraconazole 6-12 months
74
DOC for pulmonary mild-moderate blastomycosis
Itraconazole 6-12 months
75
DOC for disseminated CNS blastomycosis
Lipid AmphoB for 4-6weeks then Itraconazole or Voriconazole for 12 months
76
DOC for Immunocompromised hosts with blastomycosis
Lipid AmphB then Itraconazole for life
77
DOC for initial coccidioidomycosis
Fluconazole 400-1200mg daily *for life*
78
DOC for influenza
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Zanamivir (Relenza) Peramavir (Rapivab)
79
DOC for Herpes simplex virus
``` *Acyclovir (Zovirax)* Valacyclovir (Valtrex) Famciclovir (Famvir) Penciclovir (Denavir) Foscarnet (Foscavir) ```
80
DOC for herpes labialis primary disease
*Acyclovir* Famciclovir Valacyclovir
81
DOC for Herpes labialis reactivation disease
Acyclovir Famciclovir Valacyclovir Penciclovir 1% cream
82
DOC for Varicella-Zoster virus
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Valacyclovir (Valtrex) Famciclovir (Famvir) Penciclovir (Denavir)
83
DOC for immuno*competent* persons with herpes zoster
Acyclovir Famciclovir Valacyclovir
84
DOC for immuno*compromised* persons with herpes zoster
Acyclovir (severe: IV, non-severe: PO) Famciclovir Valacyclovir Foscarnet (acyclovir resistant)
85
DOC for CMV antiviral therapy for treatment and prophylaxis
``` *Ganciclovir (Cytovene)* Valganciclovir (Valcyte) Foscarnet (Fascavir) Cidofovir (Vistide) CMV immune globulin (CytoGam) ```

Pharmacy Drugs (37 decks)

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