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DPC Antibacterials Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

UTI

A

E. coli

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2
Q

Sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media

A

S. pneumoniae, H. flu, M. cat, Group A strep

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3
Q

Skin and soft tissue

A

S. aureus, Group A strep

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4
Q

CAP

A

S. pneumoniae, H. flu, M. cat

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5
Q

Beta lactams (bactericidal)

A

PCN
CPN
Carbapenems
Monobactams

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6
Q

Beta lactam AE

A

Allergic or hypersensitivity reactions
Seizures (high doses)
N/V/D
Interstitial nephritis

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7
Q

PCN common uses

A

Syphilis
Pharyngitis
Endocarditis
Dental infections

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8
Q

PCN counseling pearls

A
  • finish entire Rx
  • mild diarrhea
  • take in intervals (empty stomach)
  • refrigerate suspension (discard after 14 days)
  • rash/hives: CPN are an option
  • anaphylaxis: do not use CPN
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9
Q

Natural PCN

A 
Penicillin G 
Penicillin V (Pen-Vee K, Veetids)
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10
Q

Antistaphylococcal PCN common uses

A

Skin and soft tissue infections

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11
Q

Antistaphylococcal PCN

A

Dicloxacillin

Cloxacillin

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12
Q

Aminopenicillins common uses

A

Otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis

H. pylori eradication

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13
Q

Aminopencillins

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor uses

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor: MSSA, G- rods, H. flu, M. cat, anaerobes
Mixed infections (aspiration pneumonia, diabetic ulcers)
Bite wounds
Otitis media, sinusitis

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15
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor counseling pearls

A
  • take with food to decrease stomach upset
  • diarrhea is common
  • refrigerate suspension (discard after 10 days)
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16
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor

A

Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)

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17
Q

First gen CPN uses

A

Skin and soft tissue infections

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18
Q

First gen CPN

A

Cephalexin (Keflex)

Cefadroxil (Duricef)

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19
Q

Second gen CPN uses

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A

Otitis media, sinusitis
Bronchitis
Pneumococcal pneumoniae

20
Q

Second gen CPN

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A

Cefaclor
Cefprozil
Cefuroxime (Ceftin)

21
Q

Third gen CPN uses

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A

Otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis
CAP
UTI
Gonorrhea (cefixime)

22
Q

Third gen CPN

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A

Cefixime
Cefdinir (Omnicef)
Cefpodoxime
Ceftibuten

23
Q

Macrolides common uses

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A 
CAP 
Bronchitis, pertussis 
Chlamydia 
M. avium (trt, prophylaxis) 
H. pylori eradication
24
Q

Macrolides AE

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A

N/V/D (erythromycin)
QT prolongation (erythromycin)
DDI: CYP450 inhibitors (anti arrhythmias, cyclosporine, digoxin, theophylline, diltiazem, verapamil)

25
Macrolides
Azithromycin (Zithromax) Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Erythromycin
26
Fluoroquinolone common uses
``` CAP, sinusitis, bronchitis UTI Skin and soft tissue Pseudomonas infection Osteomyelitis ```
27
Fluoroquinolone AE
``` Nausea, dyspepsia Photosensitivity HA, dizziness, insomnia (confusion, hallucinations) Seizures QT prolongation (dose related) Blood glucose fluctuation Arthralgia ```
28
Fluoroquinolone counseling pearls
- do NOT take w/ Ca, iron, zinc antacids, milk, or MVI - DDI: warfarin, theophylline, anti arrhythmics - may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight - contact MD if tendon inflammation or pain develops
29
Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
30
Tetracyclines (bacteriostatic) uses
``` CAP Bronchitis, sinusitis Skin and soft tissue (CA-MRSA) Chlamydia H. pylori eradication Tick borne diseases Acne ```
31
Tetracycline AE
Nausea, diarrhea, esophageal irritation Photosensitivity Tooth discoloration (children) Dizziness, vertigo
32
Tetracycline counseling points
- do NOT take with Ca, iron, zinc, milk or MVI - may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight - take with full glass of water (remain upright for 30mins)
33
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline (Vibramycin) Minocylcine (Minocin) Tetracycline
34
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole uses
PCP prophylaxis and trt Skin and soft tissue (CA-MRSA) UTI
35
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole AE
- allergic reaction (rash, SJS) - photosensitivity - bone marrow suppression - crystalluria, hyperkalemia
36
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole counseling pearls
- finish entire Rx - increase sensitivity to sunlight - maintain adequate hydration - DDI: warfarin, methotrexate, dofetilide
37
Clindamycin uses
Skin and soft tissue | Dental infections
38
Clindamycin AE
Diarrhea (C. diff)
39
Clindamycin (Cleocin) counseling pearls
- abdominal cramping and diarrhea - do NOT refrigerate reconstituted solution (discard after 2 weeks) - oral solution has foul taste
40
Linezolid AE
Nausea, diarrhea, HA Bone marrow suppression Peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis
41
Linezolid counseling pearls
- store at room temp after reconstitution (discard after 21 days) - DDI: serotonergic agents, pseudoephedrine
42
Nitrofurantoin uses
Uncomplicated lower UTI
43
Nitrofurantoin AE
N/V Acute pneumonitis (cough, fever, dyspnea) Pulmonary fibrosis Peripheral neuropathy
44
Nitrofurantoin counseling pearls
- finish entire Rx (7 days) (NOT appropriate for 3 day UTI therapy) - take with food to decrease stomach upset - may cause urine discoloration (brown) - contact MD if numbness, tingling or burning pain in hands, legs, feet - report any SOB, cough or fever
45
Metronidazole uses
Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis C. diff colitis H. pylori eradication
46
Metronidazole AE
N/V/D Metallic taste Peripheral neuropathy, HA Urine discoloration (black, brown, dark)
47
Metronidazole counseling pearls
- may take with food to decrease stomach upset - metallic taste disturbances - may cause urine discoloration - avoid alcohols (disulfiram-like reaction) - DDI: warfarin

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