4.2.2.3 blood and blood vessels Flashcards
(16 cards)
What substances carries different components of blood around the body
Plasma
What substances are transported by the plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Carbon dioxide
Urea
Products of digestion
What is plasma
A yellow liquid of in the blood that transports substances around the body
What is the purpose of red blood cells
Transport oxygen around the body
How are the red blood cells adapted for their function
Bi concave shape-increased surface area to volume ratio
No nucleus-more rooms in hemoglobin to bone to oxygen
What is the purpose of white blood cells in blood
The form part of the immune system which protects the bodies from invading pathogens
How are white blood cells adapted to the function
Can produce antibodies
can produce antitoxins
Engulf and destroy pathogens through phagocytosis
What is the purpose of platelets in the blood
Planet of small self fragments with aid are cutting of blood at the site of a wounds
Why is the function of platelets important
Platelets aids in the process of blood cutting as a result red blood cells are trapped in the fibrant network forming a clot which prevents excessive bleeding
What is Coronary heart disease
It occurred when the coronary archways that supply the heart muscle become blocked with a build up a fatty material which restrictor supply of oxygen to the heart possibly leading to a heart attack or death
How does coronary heart disease develop
- Fat and cholesterol build up inside coronary arteries
- These deposits built up in the coronary arteries
- This reduces blood flow to the heart
- Lack of blood means lack of oxygen and glucose
- Without oxygen the hot tissue dies because the self can’t respire this is called a heart attack
What is a Stent and how does it work
is a metal mesh that’s inserted into a blocked artery so remains open the stent is inflated using a balloon
What are statins
Statins of drugs that produce the level of cholesterol and slows down the rate of fatty tissue accumulation
What is heart bypass surgery
A surgery where block coronary arteries are replaced with section of veins taking other parts of the body
Describe how gas exchange occurred at the alveoli
Oxygen diseases from the alveolight into the capllaries bloodstream down it’s concentration gradient
Carbon dioxide diffuses into the capillary into the alveoli down its concentration gradient
Describe how the a alveoli our adapted for gas exchange
They are small and arrange in clusters so has the largest surface area
Rich blood supply so maintain the concentration gradient
Thin walls so shorter diffusion pathway
