4.3.1.1 Communicable (infectious) diseases

Question 1

What is a communicable disease

Answer 1

An infectious disease caused by pathogens which can be spread to one person to another

Question 2

What is a pathogen

Answer 2

A disease causing microorganism e.g.bacteria

Question 3

How do bacteria cause disease

Answer 3

Once inside the body they divide rapidly by binary fission they kill cells and produce harmful toxins

Question 4

How do viruses cause disease

Answer 4

They invade and reproduce inside living body cells leading to cell damage

Question 5

Give 3 ways diseases can be spread

Answer 5

Water:drinking or bathing in contaminated water
Air: pathogens carrying can be briefed in some droplets containing pathogens are produced when you cough or sneeze
Direct contact: touching contaminated surface

Question 6

Give some factors that increase the transmission of communicable diseases

Answer 6

-overcrowded
-poor nutrition
-poor disposal of waste

Question 7

Give four way in which the spread of pathogens can be reduced

Answer 7

-Isolating infected individuals
-Hygiene(hand washing ,disinfectants, tissues)
-vaccination
-removing vectors

Question 8

What is binary fission

Answer 8

When one bacterium can divide into two new bacteria every 20 minutes