Stomatitis/Glossitis

Question 1

Inflammation of the tongue is known as what?

Answer 1

Glossitis

Question 2

Which is the more common cause of stomatitis/glossitis: viral or bacterial?

Answer 2

Viral

Question 3

What are 2 feline viruses that cause oral lesions?

Answer 3

• Feline rhinotracheitis virus

- Feline calici virus

Question 4

What are 3 viruses that may result in stomatitis?

Answer 4

• Canine distemper
• CAV
• Feline panleukopenia

Question 5

What are 2 feline viruses that are commonly associated with chronic recurrent stomatitis?

Answer 5

• Feline leukemia virus

- Feline Immunodeficiency virus

Question 6

What metabolic condition can lead to stomatitis/glossitis where the primary irritation is thought to result from ammonia produced by bacterial action on the urea in the saliva of a uremic animal?

Answer 6

Uremia

Question 7

What metabolic condition can lead to stomatitis/glossitis in association with immunosuppression and secondary infection?

Answer 7

Cushing’s disease

Question 8

What metabolic condition can lead to stomatitis/glossitis due to reduced resistance to disease?

Answer 8

Diabetes mellitus

Question 9

Glossitis/stomatitis may develop secondary to the erosion or ulceration of what?

Answer 9

Oral neoplasms

Question 10

What are 4 auto-immune diseases that can, but rarely, cause stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 10

• Pemphigus vulgaris/erythematosus
• Bullous pemphigoid
• Systemic lupus erythmatosus
• Discoid lupus erythmatosus

Question 11

What is idiopathic stomatitis also known as?

Answer 11

Recurrent necrotising stomatitis

Question 12

What dog breed is recurrent necrotising stomatitis seen in?

Answer 12

Maltese

Question 13

What does CUPS stand for?

Answer 13

Canine Ulcerative Paradontal Syndrome

Question 14

A possibly immune-mediated excessive inflammatory reaction to bacterial antigens in dental plaque is known as what?

Answer 14

Recurrent necrotising stomatitis

Question 15

What is the etiology of lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis of cats?
What type of mechanism is suspected?

Answer 15

• Unknown

- Immunologic mechanism

Question 16

What is an example of a plant that may cause oral disease when chewed on by a dog?

Answer 16

Dieffenbachia

Question 17

What are 3 possible clinical signs that can be seen with stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 17

• Anorexia
• Ptyalism
• Halitosis

Question 18

What is usually the reason behind anorexia seen with stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 18

Anorexia due to pain

Question 19

What are 4 possible appearances of saliva seen with stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 19

• Thick “ropey” saliva
• Serosanguinous
• Purulent
• Malodorous

Question 20

Malodorous breath is known as what?

Answer 20

Halitosis

Question 21

What are 2 metabolic conditions that can display very distinct forms of halitosis?

Answer 21

• Diabetes mellitus

- Uremia

Question 22

What is an important differential for halitosis?

Especially in what breed?

Answer 22

• Lipfold dermatitis

- Spaniels

Question 23

Erosion or ulceration can be seen mainly on mucosal surfaces in contact with the teeth in what condition?

Answer 23

Recurrent necrotizing stomatitis

Question 24

Large ulcerations on the tongue and other mucus membranes of the mouth can be seen with what syndrome?
What is another name for this?
This is associated with what virus?

Answer 24

• Feline upper respiratory syndrome
• Snuffles
• Feline Calici virus

Question 25

Which lymph nodes can be enlarged with stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 25

Submandibular lymph nodes

Question 26

To perform a thorough examination of the mouth, what might need to be done to the patient?

Answer 26

Sedation or anesthesia

Question 27

What are 6 aspects of the oral cavity that should be examined closely?

Answer 27

- Gingival surfaces - Lingual surfaces - Pharynx - Hard palate - Soft palate - Teeth

Question 28

What are 3 procedures that can be used to evaluate the types and proportion of microflora present with stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 28

- Wet smears - Impression smears - Superficial scrapings

Question 29

Biopsies for histopathology are often taken when what is suspected?

Answer 29

Oral neoplasia

Question 30

Immuno-fluorescent antibody tests (IFA) are used when what are the suspected cause of glossitis/stomatitis?

Answer 30

Auto-immune diseases

Question 31

What is a major problem with bacterial cultures and antibiograms for stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 31

Most of the bacteria present are opportunistic and have little to do with the primary etiology.

Question 32

What should be evaluated if uremia is a suspected cause of stomatitis/glossitis? If Diabetes mellitus is suspected?

Answer 32

- Blood urea/creatinine | - Urine and/or blood glucose

Question 33

What 2 types of drugs can be given in severe cases of stomatitis/glossitis to alleviate inflammation and pain? What needs to be done first?

Answer 33

- Analgesics and anti-inflammatories | - Evaluate hydration status and rule out renal failure first.

Question 34

Systemic antimicrobial therapy is most effective for what type of bacteria?

Answer 34

Anaerobes

Question 35

What are 2 types of synthetic penicillins that can be given to treat stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 35

- Amoxycillin | - Amoxycillin and clavulanic acid

Question 36

What are 2 other types of antibiotics besides synthetic penicillins that can be used to treat stomatitis/glossitis?

Answer 36

- Clindamycin | - Metronidazole

Question 37

How long should antimicrobials be given for?

Answer 37

Minimum of 21 days

Question 38

Inflammation of the oral mucosa is known as what?

Answer 38

Stomatitis