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block 6 exam 1 > BLI 6 - Microcytic Anemia (Siddiqui) > Flashcards

BLI 6 - Microcytic Anemia (Siddiqui) Flashcards

1
Q

Increase in HbF

A

beta-thal major

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2
Q

Clinical manifestations of lead poisoning

A

L: Lead lines on gingivae & metaphyses of long bones

E: Encephalopathy, Erythrocyte basophilic stippling

A: Abdominal colic, sideroblastic Anemia

D: Drops - wrist and foot drop, Dimercaprol and EDTA 1st line of tx

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3
Q

Koilonychia (spoon nails)

A

iron deficiency anemia

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4
Q

whole gene deletions, asymptomatic, mild microcytic anemia

A

alpha-thal minor

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5
Q

Alcohol poisons mitochondria B6 deficiency due to isoniazid

A

Acquired sideroblastic anemia

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6
Q

thalassemia - africans

A

Trans-deletion

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7
Q

EPO - down

Hepcidin - up

A

ACD

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8
Q

Labs for iron deficiency anemia:

  • Serum iron
  • %sat -Serum ferritin
  • FEP (free erythrocyte protoporphyrin)
  • sTfR (soluble transferrin receptor) - TIBC
A

Serum iron - down

TIBC - up

%sat - down

FEP - up

Serum ferritin - down

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9
Q

Lab results for ACD:

  • Serum iron
  • Serum ferritin
  • %sat -sTfR (TIBC)
  • FEP
A

Serum iron - N to down

Serum ferritin - up

%sat - N to down

sTfR - down (always opposite ferritin)

FEP - up

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10
Q

Incompatible with life – Hydrops fetalis

A

Hb Barts (homozygous alpha-thal)

  • “all 4” alpha mutated
  • excess gamma forms tetramers
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11
Q

whole gene deletions, symptomatic, hemolytic and microcytic anemia, splenomegaly

A

Hb H Disease (alpha-thal)

  • transfusion dependent
  • “3 of 4 alpha” mutated
  • excess beta globin forms tetramers = Hb H
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12
Q

Koilonychia Pallor of skin/face Conjunctival pallor Palmar pallor Atrophic glossitis

A

IDA

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13
Q

Lab results for sideroblastic anemia:

  • Serum iron
  • TIBC/sTfR
  • %sat
  • Serum ferritin
A

Serum iron - up (accumulates as ring sideroblasts)

TIBC/sTfR - down

%sat - up

Serum ferritin - up

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14
Q

Iron sequestered in macrophages

A

Chronic inflammation

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15
Q

Mutation in ALAS

A

Sideroblastic anemia

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16
Q

Menstruation Childbirth GI disease

A

IDA - chronic blood loss

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17
Q

IDA + Esophageal webs + atrophic glossitis

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

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18
Q

Increase in Hb A2

A

beta-thal minor

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19
Q

X-linked

A

Sideroblastic anemia

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20
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Acquired sideroblastic anemia

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21
Q

RA, SLE, IBD, cancer

Increased hepcidin

A

ACD

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22
Q

Massive erythroid hyperplasia

A

Thalassemia

23
Q

Childhood

Pregnancy

A

IDA - increased requirement

24
Q

Lab value that is high when TIBC is low

A

Ferritin - iron storage

25
Q

thalassemia - asians

A

Cis-deletion - LETHAL risk in offspring

26
Q

Sprue Gastric bypass

A

IDA - malabsorption

27
Q

_____, ______ anemia with target cells and nucleated RBC’s is seen with thalassemia

A

Microcytic, hypochromic

28
Q

mild disease due to point mutation, asymptomatic

A

beta-thal minor

29
Q

Iron deficiency blood smear: -MCV -MCHC -RDW

A

MCV - down MCHC - down RDW - up

30
Q

Iron deficiency anemia begins as ______, ______ anemia

A

normocytic, normochromic

31
Q

whole gene deletions

A

alpha-thalassemia

32
Q

crewcut appearance

A

Thalassemia

33
Q

Excess alpha chains dimerize with delta (Hg A2) - isolated increase

A

beta-thal minor

34
Q

Elevated HbA2 or HbF

A

Beta-thalassemia

35
Q

inhibits iron transport

A

hepcidin

36
Q

Lab value that is high when ferritin is low

A

TIBC - indirect measurement of transferrin

37
Q

how do you calculate % saturation

A

serum iron / TIBC

38
Q

Asian Middle Eastern Mediterranean (Italian-American)

A

Thalassemia

39
Q

alpha genes

A

4 alpha genes chromosome 16

40
Q

beta genes

A

2 beta genes chromosome 11

41
Q

Lead chelation for kids

A

Succimer

42
Q

Decreased overall iron

A

Fe deficiency

43
Q

Breast fed infants Elderly Pregnant women

A

IDA - inadequate diet

44
Q

severe anemia becomes symptomatic after 6 months of age, transfusion-dependent

A

beta-thal major absent Hb A production, only Hb F production (protective at birth)

45
Q

Lab values seen when you suspect increased hepcidin

A

Increased ferritin Decreased TIBC

46
Q

binds ferroportin

A

hepcidin

47
Q

Decreased protoporphyrin synthesis

A

Sideroblastic anemia

48
Q

Absent or markedly decreased Hb A Hb F increased and alpha tetramers precipitate

A

beta-thal major

49
Q

point mutations

A

beta-thalassemia

50
Q

Inhibits ALAD and Ferrochelatase

A

Lead poisoning

51
Q

Thalassema: - MCV _______

A

MCV 5 x 10^12/ L

52
Q

Decreased globin chain synthesis

A

Thalassemias

53
Q

pica - craving clay, ice chips, etc

A

iron deficiency anemia

block 6 exam 1 (8 decks)

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