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10 science-- biology > biology basics of stem cells and cloning > Flashcards

biology basics of stem cells and cloning Flashcards

1
Q

what 2 things can a stem cell do?

A 
self renewal (copying)
differentiation (specializing)
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2
Q

when a stem cells self renews, what does it become?

A

a stem cell

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3
Q

when a stem cells differentiates, what does it become?

A

a specialized cell

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4
Q

what is a stem cell?

A

cells with the ability to develop into different cell types

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5
Q

what is the purpose of stem cell self renewal?

A

maintain the stem cell pool

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6
Q

what is the purpose of stem cell differentiation?

A

replace dead or damaged cells throughout your life

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7
Q

what is potency?

A

the measure of a stem cell’s ability to become other cells

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8
Q

what is a totipotent stem cell?

A

every kind of cell including body cells, germline cells, placenta cells

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9
Q

what is a body cell also known as?

A

somatic

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10
Q

where are totipotent stem cells found?

A

the morula (before the embryo)

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11
Q

what is a pluripotent stem cell?

A

every kind of cell including body cells and germline cells

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12
Q

where are pluripotent stem cells found?

A

embryo

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13
Q

where are multipotent adult stem cells found?

A

tissue

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14
Q

what are the 2 types of stem cells?

A

embryonic

adult

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15
Q

where are embryonic stem cells found?

A

blastocyst (early embryo)

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16
Q

where are adult stem cells found?

A

fetus, baby, throughout life

17
Q

embryonic stem cell: day 0

A

fertilized embryo

18
Q

embryonic stem cell: early day 2

A

two cell stage

19
Q

embryonic stem cell: late day 3

A

eight cell stage

20
Q

embryonic stem cell: day 5-6

A

late blastocyst

21
Q

name 8 places where adult stem cells are found

A 
surface of the eye
skin
testicles
muscles
brain
breast
intestines
bone marrow
22
Q

when a specialized cell differentiates, what can it do?

A

make only specialized types of cells

10 science-- biology (24 decks)

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