digestive system

Question 1

what are the 3 functions of the digestive system?

Answer 1

take in and break down food
absorb nutrients
remove solid waste from the body

Question 2

name 7 digestive tract organs

Answer 2

mouth
esophagus
small intestine
stomach
large intestine
rectum
anus

Question 3

name 3 accessory organs

Answer 3

liver
gall bladder
pancreas

Question 4

what is the path of food through the digestive system?

Answer 4

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Question 5

what is the large intestine also known as?

Answer 5

colon

Question 6

what lines the entire digestive tract and what is it made of?

Answer 6

epithelial tissue

muscle, connective, nerve tissue

Question 7

what does epithelial tissue contain?

Answer 7

goblet cells that secrete mucus

Question 8

what are 2 functions of mucus?

Answer 8

protects digestive tube from digestive enzymes

allows material to pass smoothly along the tube

Question 9

mouth– mechanical digestion

____ and _____ break down food into smaller pieces

Answer 9

tongue / teeth

Question 10

mouth– chemical digestion

saliva __________ as you chew and breaks down starch into _________

Answer 10

softens food / enzymes (amylase)

Question 11

what produces saliva?

Answer 11

epithelial tissue lining the mouth

Question 12

what is the esophagus?

Answer 12

a muscular tube that moves the food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 13

esophagus–

_________ contract in a wavelike motion- _______ moves the semi liquid food (food bolus)

Answer 13

involuntary smooth muscles / peristalsis

Question 14

stomach– mechanical breakdown

_____ and _____ food

Answer 14

holds / churns

Question 15

stomach– mechanical breakdown

contracts to mix the food with ______ and _______

Answer 15

chemicals / acids

Question 16

stomach– chemical breakdown

____________ containing digestive enzymes (pepsin) and ___________

Answer 16

gastric juices / hydrochloric acid

Question 17

stomach– chemical breakdown

______ protects the stomach wall from breaking down in the acidic environment

Answer 17

mucus

Question 18

stomach– chemical breakdown

__________ relaxes and releases stomach content into duodenum

Answer 18

pyloric sphincter

Question 19

small intestine

most _______ and __________ occurs here

Answer 19

digestion / absorption of nutrients

Question 20

small intestine

where does most digestion take place?

Answer 20

duodenum

Question 21

small intestine

small ducts release chemical produced in ________________ to duodenum to break down food further

Answer 21

liver, pancreas, gall bladder

Question 22

small intestine

________ produce mucus

Answer 22

goblet cells

Question 23

small intestine

______ and ______ maximize the surface area to allow ____ and _______ to absorb into the bloodstream

Answer 23

villi / microvilli

water / nutrients

Question 24

large intestine

absorbs _________________ from undigested food

Answer 24

water, vitamins, various salts

Question 25

large intestine

contains bacteria which finishes the process of __________ and produces __________, vitamin K

Answer 25

breaking down food / essential nutrients

Question 26

rectum

Answer 26

receives and holds solid waste (stool) from colon until release

Question 27

anus

Answer 27

solid waste exits the body as feces

Question 28

liver

produce ______ to help break down fats in food

Answer 28

bile

Question 29

liver

breaks down ______ into forms that are easier to use

Answer 29

nutrients

Question 30

liver

breaks down ___________________

Answer 30

harmful drugs and chemicals

Question 31

gall bladder

Answer 31

a small pouch under the liver

Question 32

gall bladder
stores \_\_\_\_\_\_ (produced by the liver) and releases them into \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 32

bile / duodenum

Question 33

pancreas

located __________

Answer 33

behind the stomach

Question 34

pancreas

make _________– digest protein and fat

Answer 34

digestive enzymes

Question 35

pancreas

produce _______ and _______ (control blood sugar)

Answer 35

insulin / glucagon

Question 36

insulin– ______ blood sugar

Answer 36

lower

Question 37

glucagon– _____ blood sugar

Answer 37

raise