Crowds

Question 1

Types of crowds - 10 plus explanation/example

Answer 1

1) ambulatory crowd - walking crowd exiting or entering a venue.
2) limited moving crowd - stuck, trapped in a space.
3) spectator crowd - watching event, show.
4) expressive crowd - celebrating.
5) participatory crowd - engaged in acts related to a performance.
6) hostile crowd - disregards instructions from officials
7) demonstrator crowd - specific aim of being organised to protest.
8) trampling - evacuations, panicking mob.
9) suffocating - people being compressed limited to no movement.
10) violent - aim to acquire, attack.

Question 2

Crowd characteristics and behaviours (10)

Answer 2

1) organisation and leadership
2) cohesiveness
3) common purpose
4) emotional level or intensity
5) level of external surveillance control
6) criminal or lawless activity
7) violence
8) property damage
9) injuries, death
10) intense pleasure, great rewards

Question 3

Studying crowd behaviours (6)

Answer 3

1) assessing crowd size
2) shape and basic structure
3) boundaries
4) internal orientation of crowd members
5) key environmental conditions
6) speed of movement in mobile crowds

Question 4

Crowds defined (6)

Answer 4

No singular all purpose definition, but has a range of important criteria.

1) size - usually 10+
2) density - safe densities for standing is 47 people per 10sq meters, and 40/10 if moving.
3) time - able to specify coherent existence of numbers over a set time.
4) collectively and shared identity - share some common goals and interests.
5) coherent actions - act as a unified mass.