Social Interaction

Question 1

statuses

Answer 1

positions in society that are used to classify individuals

Question 2

ascribed status

Answer 2

a status that is given involuntarily due to such factors as face, ethnicity, gender and family background.

Question 3

achieved status

Answer 3

a status that is gained as a result of ones efforts or choices such as being a doctor

Question 4

master status

Answer 4

the status by which a person is most identified

Question 5

role

Answer 5

each status has this

a set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations for those who hold the status

Question 6

role performance

Answer 6

the carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role.

Question 7

role partner

Answer 7

the person with whom one is interacting

Question 8

role set

Answer 8

the various roles associated with a status

Question 9

role conflict

Answer 9

occurs when one has difficult satisfying the requirements of multiple roles simultaneously

Question 10

role strain

Answer 10

difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role.

Question 11

role exit

Answer 11

the dropping of one identity for another

Question 12

group

Answer 12

consists of two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity.

Question 13

peer group

Answer 13

self selected group formed around similar interests, age and statuses

Question 14

family group

Answer 14

the group into which an individual is born, adopted married

Question 15

in-group

Answer 15

one with which an individual identifies

Question 16

out-group

Answer 16

one with which an individual competes or opposes

Question 17

reference group

Answer 17

a group to which an individual compares him to herself.

Question 18

primary groups

Answer 18

those that contain strong, emotional bonds

Question 19

secondary groups

Answer 19

often temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall

Question 20

Gemeinschaft (community)

Answer 20

a group unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared believes, ancestry or geography

Question 21

Gesellschaft (society)

Answer 21

a group unified by mutual self-interests in achieving a goal

Question 22

Groupthink

Answer 22

occurs when members begin to conform to one another’s views and ignore outside perspectives

Question 23

network

Answer 23

an observable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups

Question 24

organizations

Answer 24

bodies of people with a structure and future designed to achieve specific goals. They exist outside of each individual’s membership within the organization

Question 25

characteristic institution

Answer 25

basic organization of society

Question 26

bureaucracy

Answer 26

a rational system of political organization, administration, discipline and control

Question 27

iron law of oligarchy

Answer 27

states that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group.

Question 28

McDonaldization

Answer 28

commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability and control in these societies

Question 29

basic model

Answer 29

states that there are universal emotions, along with corresponding expressions which can be understood across cultures.

Question 30

social construction model

Answer 30

states that emotions are solely based on the situational context of social interactions

Question 31

display rules

Answer 31

unspoken rules that govern the expression of emotion

Question 32

cultural syndrome

Answer 32

shared set of beliefs, norms, values and behaviors organized around a central theme as is found among people

Question 33

impression management

Answer 33

refers to the maintenance of a public image, which is accomplished through various strategies

Question 34

self disclosure

Answer 34

sharing factual information

Question 35

managing appearances

Answer 35

using props, appearance, emotional expression or associations to create a positive image

Question 36

ingratiation

Answer 36

using flattery or conformity to win over someone else

Question 37

aligning actions

Answer 37

the use of excuses to account for questionable behavior

Question 38

alter - casting

Answer 38

imposing an identity onto another person

Question 39

dramaturgical approach

Answer 39

says that individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience

Question 40

front stage

Answer 40

where the individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve his desired image

Question 41

back stage

Answer 41

where the individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image

Question 42

verbal communication

Answer 42

the conveyance of information through spoken, written or signed words

Question 43

nonverbal communication

Answer 43

the conveyance of information by means other than the use of words, such as body language, prosody, facial expressions and gestures

Question 44

animal communications

Answer 44

takes please not only between nonhuman animals but between humans and other animals as well. Animals use body language, rudimentary facial expressions, visual displays, scents and vocalizations to communicate