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GI > Lect 1: Overview > Flashcards

Lect 1: Overview Flashcards

0
Q

What are the epithelial cells called in the lower GI tract

A

Enterocytes

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1
Q

When does “food” become “chym”?

A

when it enters the stomach

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2
Q

How long do enterocytes usually exist?

A

3-5 days

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3
Q

What are the two intrinsic nervous systems that inneravate the GI tract?

A

Submucosa and myonteric

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4
Q

What level of GI tissue is the submucosal innervation?

A

Between the Submucosa and the circular muscle

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5
Q

What level of GI tissue is the myonteric innervation?

A

Between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers

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6
Q

What does activation of the submucosal plexus induce?

A

Secretion

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7
Q

What is the function of the myonteric plexus?

A

Contractions

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8
Q

What are the controlers of the enteric system?

A

ANS and hormonal

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9
Q

Where are the only places you get voluntary muscle control?

A

Mouth and pharanx

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10
Q

What are the invaginations in the lumenal side of the intestinal wall?

A

Crypts of lieberkuhn

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11
Q

Where in the GI tract are crypts of lieberkuhn located

A

Just in the small and large intestine

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12
Q

What is the only nutrient that doesn’t do a “first pass” through the portal vein/ liver?

A

Lipids

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13
Q

where is most of the fluid absorbed in the digestive tract?

A

small intstine

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14
Q

What are the enteric nervous system branches?

A

myenteric and submucosal

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15
Q

What do the parasympathetics travel through and what do they innervate?

A

The vegus nerve to everything through the transverse colon and pelvic nerve to the descending colon and rectum

16
Q

What are the sympathetic innervations of the GI Tract?

A

celiac, superior mesentary, inferior mesenteric, hypogastric plexus

17
Q

What does digestion?

A

enzymes, mechanical contractions, and HCl

18
Q

What provides protection from pathogens?

A

HCl, IgA, opsonins WBC’s

19
Q

What function does motility provide?

A

propels and mixes chyme

20
Q

What function do secretion provide?

A

buffering, mucus lining for protection and lubrication, hormone signaling and enzymatic digestion

21
Q

What are the two places for storage?

A

Stomach and colon

22
Q

What actions does the parasympathetics have on the tract?

A

Pro-digestion, movement, secretions

23
Q

What actions does the sympathetics have on the tract?

A

Stop functions

24
Q

Why is the CNS important for digestion?

A

Anticipatory responses

25
Q

Where to the parasympathetics come into the tract?

A

Vegus nerves

26
Q

What is the word for the noises the stomach makes?

A

borborygmi

27
Q

Where is there skeletal muscle in the system?

A

Mouth, upper esophagus (some in the middle esophagus) external anal sphincters

GI (40 decks)

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