Pulmonary Vascular Disease Flashcards
What does thrombo mean?
A clot
If something embolises, what is it doing?
It breaks off and lodges somewhere else
Where do 90% of emboli originate from?
Clots in leg veins
In which types of vein are thrombi more likely to embolise?
Bigger veins
Name the 3 main risk factors for pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis
Decreased blood flow
Abnormal vessels
Hypercoagulable states
What percentage of those diagnosed with thromboembolic disease will die without treatment?
30%
What does the death rate of thromboembolic disease fall to once treatment starts?
2-8%
Why is diagnosing pulmonary embolism difficult?
Pulmonary embolism can mimic other conditions
What are the main signs and symptoms for a deep vein thrombosis?
Redness Tenderness Oedema Tight calves Leg swelling
When can the D Dimer test be especially useful?
When it comes back as negative
Why is a negative D Dimer test very useful?
It effectively rules out a pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis
What is the definition of a pulmonary embolism?
A blood clot that lodges in the pulmonary arterial circulation
What is the main management therapy for a pulmonary embolism?
Anticoagulation
What does the pulmonary artery pressure need to be at rest, and at exercise for a person to have pulmonary hypertension?
At rest - >25mmHg
During exercise - > 30mmHg
What defines group 2 pulmonary hypertension?
Systolic and diastolic dysfunction
