Hypokalaemia & Hypertension Flashcards
For exams it is useful to be able to classify the causes of hypokalaemia in to those associated with hypertension, and those which are not.
1
Q
What are some causes of hypokalaemia and hypertension?
A
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Conn’s syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)
- Liddle’s syndrome (AD, genetic mutation of sodium channels. Sodium is retained in the kidney tubules & water is too. Very similar to Conn’s presentation but without the high aldosterone.)
- 11-beta hydroxylase deficiency*
2
Q
What can cause hypokalaemia without hypertension?
A
- Diuretics
- GI loss (D&V)
- Renal tubular acidosis (type 1 and 2)
- Bartter’s syndrome (Genetic mutation in the potassium channels of the loop of henle - like taking loop diuretics)
- Gitelman syndrome (Genetic mutation in the potassium channels of the loop of henle)
