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Biology 112 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of Life (7)

A

Living things…

  1. have order
  2. process energy (obtain fuel)
  3. respond to the envrionment (results i movement or behaviors, senses)
  4. reproduce
  5. grow and develop
  6. homeostasis (regulate)
  7. have evolutionary adaptations (modifications that make organisms suited to way of life, allow diverse roles)
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1
Q

What explains the diversity of life?

A

Adaptation to different environments

(Theme: Diversity and Unity of Life)

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2
Q

What do similar characteristics explain?

A

The unity of life

(Theme: Diversity and Unity of Life)

Unity: all life has same origen

  • organisms at a basic level are similar
  • cells, DNA, metabolic reactions, embryos
  • suggests living things descended from a single cell
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3
Q

What is the process that makes modification (evolution) possible? How?

A

Natural selection, by increasing frequency of traits that enhance survival and reporductive success

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4
Q

What does the organization of properties do?

A

It gives living things emergent properties that are due to the arrangement and interaction of the parts

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5
Q

Emergent Properties

A

created by the interaction between levels of biological organization and are new, unique characteristics.

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6
Q

Themes of Biology (8)

A
  1. The cell is an organism’s basic unit of structure and function
  2. New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy
  3. Organisms interact with other organisms and the physical environment
  4. Life requires energy transfer and transformation
  5. Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization
  6. The continuity of life is based on hertiable information in the form of DNA
  7. Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems
  8. Evolution
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7
Q

levels of biological organization

A

Biosphere->Ecosystems->Communities->Populations->Organisms->Organs and Organ Systems->Tissues->Cells->Organelles->Molecules

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8
Q

Reductionism

A

simplifies complex, broad subjects into pieces that are more manageable to study

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9
Q

Why is the cell the basic unit of structure and function?

A

It is the smallest unit that can perform all functions required for life.

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10
Q

Three domains of life (and organisms included in each)

A

Bacteria - prokaryotes

Archaea - prokaryotic archaea

Euarya - eukaryotes (plants, fungi, protists, animals)

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11
Q

Mechanism for descent with modification, who thought of it, and how?

A

Natural selection

Darwin

He noticed that individuals vary in traits and variation is passed on, a population can produce more offspring than can survive, and species are adapted to their environment

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12
Q

Adaptive radiation

A

Many new species are formed from one common ancestor due to different environmental conditions

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13
Q

Explain how natural selection may result in adaptation

A

Over time, weak traits in a species will eventually die out and the stronger trait will be far more prevalent, resulting in adaptation

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14
Q

Inductive reasoning

A

reach a general conclusion by looking at many observations

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15
Q

Deductive reasoning

A

Taking a general conclusion and breaking it down into parts

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16
Q

Hypothesis, hypothesis-based reasoning

A

A potential answer to a well thought-out question.

Reaching a conclusion based on a set of potential hypothesis’

17
Q

A scientifc hypothesis should be…?

A

testable and falsifiable

18
Q

Scientific theory and how differ from a hypothesis

A

A scientific theory is much broader in scope than a hypothesis. A theory is supported by a lot of evidence and is accepted by most as true.

19
Q

Science vs. Technology

A

Science is used to understand natural phenomena, while technology applies scientific knowledge for a specific purpose.

20
Q

Living things…

  1. have order
  2. process energy (obtain fuel)
  3. respond to the envrionment (results i movement or behaviors, senses)
  4. reproduce
  5. grow and develop
  6. homeostasis (regulate)
  7. have evolutionary adaptations (modifications that make organisms suited to way of life, allow diverse roles)
A

Properties of Life (7)

21
Q

Adaptation to different environments

(Theme: Diversity and Unity of Life)

A

What explains the diversity of life?

22
Q

The unity of life

(Theme: Diversity and Unity of Life)

Unity: all life has same origen

  • organisms at a basic level are similar
  • cells, DNA, metabolic reactions, embryos
  • suggests living things descended from a single cell
A

What do similar characteristics explain?

23
Q

Natural selection, by increasing frequency of traits that enhance survival and reporductive success

A

What is the process that makes modification (evolution) possible? How?

24
Q

It gives living things emergent properties that are due to the arrangement and interaction of the parts

A

What does the organization of properties do?

25
Q

created by the interaction between levels of biological organization and are new, unique characteristics.

A

Emergent Properties

26
Q
  1. The cell is an organism’s basic unit of structure and function
  2. New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy
  3. Organisms interact with other organisms and the physical environment
  4. Life requires energy transfer and transformation
  5. Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization
  6. The continuity of life is based on hertiable information in the form of DNA
  7. Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems
  8. Evolution
A

Themes of Biology (8)

27
Q

Biosphere->Ecosystems->Communities->Populations->Organisms->Organs and Organ Systems->Tissues->Cells->Organelles->Molecules

A

levels of biological organization

28
Q

simplifies complex, broad subjects into pieces that are more manageable to study

A

Reductionism

29
Q

It is the smallest unit that can perform all functions required for life.

A

Why is the cell the basic unit of structure and function?

30
Q

Bacteria - prokaryotes

Archaea - prokaryotic archaea

Euarya - eukaryotes (plants, fungi, protists, animals)

A

Three domains of life (and organisms included in each)

31
Q

Natural selection

Darwin

He noticed that individuals vary in traits and variation is passed on, a population can produce more offspring than can survive, and species are adapted to their environment

A

Mechanism for descent with modification, who thought of it, and how?

32
Q

Many new species are formed from one common ancestor due to different environmental conditions

A

Adaptive radiation

33
Q

Over time, weak traits in a species will eventually die out and the stronger trait will be far more prevalent, resulting in adaptation

A

Explain how natural selection may result in adaptation

34
Q

reach a general conclusion by looking at many observations

A

Inductive reasoning

35
Q

Taking a general conclusion and breaking it down into parts

A

Deductive reasoning

36
Q

A potential answer to a well thought-out question.

Reaching a conclusion based on a set of potential hypothesis’

A

Hypothesis, hypothesis-based reasoning

37
Q

testable and falsifiable

A

A scientifc hypothesis should be…?

38
Q

A scientific theory is much broader in scope than a hypothesis. A theory is supported by a lot of evidence and is accepted by most as true.

A

Scientific theory and how differ from a hypothesis

39
Q

Science is used to understand natural phenomena, while technology applies scientific knowledge for a specific purpose.

A

Science vs. Technology

Biology 112 (17 decks)

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