AP Bio Chap. 2

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

Particles that are the building blocks of all substances.

Question 2

Protons

Answer 2

Inside an atom’s central core, positive charge.

Question 3

Neutrons

Answer 3

Inside an atom’s central core, no charge.

Question 4

Elections

Answer 4

Inside an atom, circling the core, negative charge.

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Atom’s central core.

Question 6

Atomic Number

Answer 6

The number of protons, determines that element.

Question 7

Element

Answer 7

Pure substances, each consisting only of atoms with the same number of protons.

Question 8

Mass Number

Answer 8

Total number of protons and neutrons in their nucleus.

Question 9

Periodic Table

Answer 9

Arrangement of elements based on their chemical properties.

Question 10

Radioisotopes

Answer 10

Radioactive isotopes.

Question 11

Radioactive Decay

Answer 11

Can transform one element into another.

Question 12

Tracer

Answer 12

Any molecule with a detectable substance attached.

Question 13

Electonegativity

Answer 13

A measure of an atom’s ability to pull electrons from other atoms.

Question 14

Chemical Bond

Answer 14

An attractive force that arises between two atoms when their electrons interact.

Question 15

Molecule

Answer 15

Forms when two or more atoms of the same or different elements join in chemical bonds.

Question 16

Compounds

Answer 16

Molecules that consist of two or more different elements in proportions that do not vary.

Question 17

Mixture

Answer 17

Two or more substances intermingle and their proportions can vary because the substances do not bond with each other.

Question 18

Ionic Bond

Answer 18

A strong mutual attraction of two oppositely charged ions.

Question 19

Covalent Bond

Answer 19

Two atoms share a pair of electrons.

Question 20

Nonpolar

Answer 20

The atoms participating in the bond are sharing electrons equally.

Question 21

Polar

Answer 21

Bonds that do not share electrons equally.

Question 22

Polarity

Answer 22

Any separation of charge into distinct positive and negative regions.

Question 23

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 23

Weak attraction between a highly electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond.

Question 24

Solvent

Answer 24

Substance, usually liquid, that can dissolve other substances.

Question 25

Solutes

Answer 25

Dissolved substances.

Question 26

Hydrophilic

Answer 26

Water-loving.

Question 27

Hydrophobic

Answer 27

Water-dreading.

Question 28

Cohesion

Answer 28

Molecules resist separating from one another.

Question 29

Acids

Answer 29

Donate hydrogen ions as they dissolve in water.

Question 30

Bases

Answer 30

Accept hydrogen ions.