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Anatomy > Anteriomedial Thigh > Flashcards

Anteriomedial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lateral and medial margins of the saphenous opening called respectively?

A

Lateral - Falciform margin, Medial - Cribriform fascia

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2
Q

The great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein through what structure?

A

The saphenous opening

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3
Q

What covers the saphenous opening?

A

Loose connective tissue

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4
Q

What is the iliotibial tract (IT band) composed of?

A

A double layer of fascia

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5
Q

The IT tract runs from where to where?

A

Iliac tubercle to the anterolateral tibial tubercle (Gerdys tubercle)

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6
Q

The IT band serves as the aponeurosis for what muscles?

A

Tensor of fascia lata and Gluteus maximums

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7
Q

What is the function of the IT band?

A

Stabilizes the lateral hip and knee

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8
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh?

A

Anterior, medial, posterior

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9
Q

What do the intermuscular septa of the thigh arise from and what do they attach to?

A

Arise from fascia lata and attach to linea aspera

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10
Q

The medial intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

A

Medial and anterior

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11
Q

The posterior intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

A

Posterior and medial

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12
Q

The lateral intermuscular septum divides which two compartments?

A

Posterior and anterior

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13
Q

What are the three intermusuclar septa of the thigh?

A

Medial, posterior, lateral

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14
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment and what is their innervation?

A

Extensors of knee, some flexors of hip, innervated by femoral nerve

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15
Q

What is the longest muscle in the human body?

A

Sartorius

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16
Q

What is the strongest muscle in the human body?

A

Quadriceps femoris

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17
Q

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment

A

Sartorius, Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medius, vastus intermedius), Iliopsoas, Pectineus (considered transitional between anterior and medial compartments)

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18
Q

What nerve and what spinal nerves does the patellar reflex test?

A

Femoral nerve, L2-L4

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19
Q

Where in the pelvic cavity should you look to find the femoral nerve?

A

The trough between the iliacus and psoas muscles

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20
Q

What would tightness of the iliopsoas muscle cause?

A

Increased lumbar curvature

21
Q

Generally speaking, what are the functions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Leg extension, kicking, supporting a bent knee position

22
Q

What is the general function of muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

To adduct the thigh

23
Q

What nerve innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

24
Q

What is the exception to the pattern of innervation amongst muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

The hamstring part of the adductor magnus is innervated by the sciatic nerve whereas all the others are innervated by the obturator nerve

25
Q

Which adductor muscle is most deep?

A

Adductor magnus

26
Q

What is the opening between the two parts of the adductor magnus called?

A

The adductor hiatus

27
Q

What muscle has 4 openings for perforating veins?

A

Adductor magnus

28
Q

What transmits the femoral vessels from the adductor canal to the popliteal fossa?

A

The adductor hiatus

29
Q

What is the common tendon of insertion for three thigh muscles called, and what are the three thigh muscles?

A

Pes Anserinus. The muscles are gracilis, sartorius, and semi-tendinosus

30
Q

What structure divides the subinguinal space, what does it divide the space into, and where is each subdivision?

A

Iliopectineal arch divides subinguinal space into muscular lacuna (lateral) and vascular lacuna (medial)

31
Q

What is the iliopectineal arch composed of?

A

It is a thickening of iliopsoas fascia

32
Q

Name the structure (excluding empty space) medial to the femoral artery and nerve and the structure medial to that structure

A

Rosenmuller lymph nodes are medial to femoral a and v, femoral ring is medial to the lymph node

33
Q

Give the borders of the femoral triangle

A

Inguinal ligament (Superior), Sartorius (lateral), Adductor longus (medial)

34
Q

What structures form the floor of the femoral triangle?

A

Iliopsoas and pectineus

35
Q

What is the adductor canal and what are two other names for it?

A

It is an intermuscular passageway. Also known as subsartorial or Hunters canal

36
Q

The adductor canal extends from where to where?

A

Apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

37
Q

What nerve is the saphenous nerve a branch of?

A

The femoral nerve

38
Q

What nerve is the nerve to vastus medialis a branch of?

A

The femoral nerve

39
Q

List the contents of the adductor canal

A

Femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

40
Q

Boundaries of the adductor canal

A

Vastus medius (lateral), Adductors longus and magnus (medially), Sartorius (roof), Vastoadductor fascia

41
Q

What is the structure in the femoral triangle which is not in the femoral sheath?

A

The femoral nerve

42
Q

What does the saphenous nerve innervate and what is unique about its course?

A

Skin on medial side of leg and foot, does not run through adductor hiatus

43
Q

What keeps the femoral vessels in place in the femoral triangle?

A

The femoral sheath

44
Q

What does the great saphenous vein pierce just inferior to the femoral triangle?

A

The femoral sheath

45
Q

The femoral sheaths have septa which divide what from what?

A

Artery from vein and vein from lymphatics

46
Q

Branches of the femoral artery

A

Superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, superficial and deep external pudendal arteries, deep artery of thigh (profunda femoris), popliteal artery (terminal branch)

47
Q

Does the deep artery of the thigh run anterior or posterior to adductor longus?

A

Posterior

48
Q

Branches of the deep artery of the thigh

A

Medial circumflex femoral (supplies head and neck of femur), Lateral circumflex femoral (gives ascending branch, descending branch, supplies muscles of lateral thigh), 4 perforating arteries (supply muscles of the 3 compartments)

49
Q

Primary arterial supplies to the neck and head of the femur

A

Lateral circumflex femoral artery, medial circumflex femoral artery (with retinacular arteries), obturator artery

Anatomy (77 decks)

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