Meiosis and Gametogenesis

Question 1

What are PGCs and where do they migrate during development?

Answer 1

Primordial Germ Cells, from Epiblast to Wall of Yolk Sac to Gonads

Question 2

What is genetic imprinting?

Answer 2

When genes are expressed in a parent specific manner (i.e. paternal and maternal genes are not equally expressed)

Question 3

List the three primary cell types in order during gametogenesis in males and females respectively

Answer 3

Primary Spermatocyte, Second Spermatocyte, Spermatids. Primary Oocyte, Secondary Oocyte (plus polar body), Mature Oocyte (plus polar bodies)

Question 4

Name the two phases of meiosis in which female germ cells arrest and when each arrest is lifted

Answer 4

Prophase I (until puberty), Metaphase II (until fertilization)

Question 5

Zona pellucida

Answer 5

Extracellular matrix secreted by follicle cells to protect the oocyte

Question 6

What are the stages of follicles in female germ line development?

Answer 6

Primordial follicle, Primary follicle, Secondary follicle, Graafian follicle

Question 7

When does spermatogenesis begin and where does it take place?

Answer 7

Puberty, seminiferous tubules

Question 8

What is the difference between spermiogenesis and spermatogenesis?

Answer 8

Spermiogenesis is the last part of the overall process of spermatogenesis. Spermiogenesis converts spermatids into functional spermatozoa. Spermatogenesis is the overall process of making spermatozoa from spermatogonia

Question 9

What three things happen during spermiogenesis

Answer 9

Acrosome is formed, nucleus is condensed, middle and tail pieces are formed