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Biology > 5. Health, disease and development of medicines. > Flashcards

5. Health, disease and development of medicines. Flashcards

1
Q

Define health

A

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

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2
Q

What is a communicable disease?

A

Any disease that can be spread directly from one person to another

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3
Q

What is a noncommunicable disease?

A

When a disease cannot be spread from an animal to animal or person to person.

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4
Q

What is a pathogen

A

A disease causing organism

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5
Q

Give four types of pathogens

A

Viruses, bacteria, fungi and protests

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6
Q

What does cholera cause?

A

Diarrhoea

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7
Q

What type of pathogen causes cholera?

A

Bacteria

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8
Q

What does tuberculosis cause?

A

Lung damage

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9
Q

What type of pathogen causes tuberculosis?

A

Bacteria

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10
Q

What does chalara ash dieback cause?

A

Leaf loss and bark lesions

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11
Q

What type of pathogen causes trouble chalara ash die back?

A

Fungi

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12
Q

What does malaria cause?

A

Damage to blood and liver

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13
Q

What type of pathogen causes malaria?

A

Protists

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14
Q

What does HIV do?

A

Destroys white blood cells, leading to the onset of AIDS

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15
Q

What type of pathogen causes HIV?

A

Virus

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16
Q

How is cholera spread?

A

Water

17
Q

How is tuberculosis spread

A

Air born

18
Q

How is chalara ash dieback spread

A

Airborn

19
Q

How is malaria spread?

A

Animal vectors

20
Q

What does STD stand for?

A

Sexually transmitted infections

21
Q

Give two examples of STDs

A

Chlamydia and HIV

22
Q

What type of pathogen causes chlamydia?

A

Bacteria

23
Q

Give Three examples of physical barriers of the human body that provides protection from pathogens

A

Mucus, cilia and skin

24
Q

Give two examples of the chemical defence of the human body the provided protection from pathogens?

A

Lysozymes and hydrochloride acid

25
Q

What do you antigens trigger?

A

An immune response with causes the production of antibodies also production of memory lymphocytes

26
Q
A
27
Q

What is an antibody?

A

A protection produced by lymphocytes and attaches to a specific pathogen to help to destroy or neutralise it

28
Q

What is a memory lymphocytes?

A

Lymphocyte that remains in the blood for a long time after infection or vaccination

29
Q

What is a lymphocyte?

A

A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies

30
Q

What type of infection can antibodies be used to treat?

A

Bacterial infections

31
Q

Skate before stages of developing new medicines

A

Discovery, development, pre-clinical trial and clinical testing

32
Q

Which lifestyle factor has an effect on obesity and malnutrition?

A

Exercise and diet

33
Q

What is the BMI equation?

A

Weight KG divided by height metres ^2

34
Q

Which lifestyle factor has an affect on the liver?

A

Alcohol

35
Q

Which lifestyle factor has an affect on the cardiovascular disease

A

Smoking

36
Q

List three different treatments for cardiovascular disease

A

Lifelong medication, surgical procedures, lifestyle changes

Biology (12 decks)

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