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Human Anatomy > 5- Integumentary > Flashcards

5- Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

Skin accounts for what percent of body weight

A

7 %

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2
Q

Thickness of skin

A

1.5 to 4 mm

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3
Q

epidermis

A

superficial region, waterproof

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4
Q

dermis

A

fibrous connective tissue

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5
Q

hypodermis

A

loose areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue

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6
Q

Skins functions

A 
1- protection
2- body temp
3- excretion (through sweat)
4- vitamin d (produces)
5- sensory receptors
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7
Q

kerationcytes

A
  • produces keratin
  • produces antibiotics and enzymes that detoxify harmful chemicals exposed to the skin
  • undergo continuous mitosis
  • deepest part of epidermis
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8
Q

keratin

A

tough fibrous protein gives epidermis protection properties

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9
Q

How often do we have new epidermis?

A

35-45 days

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10
Q

thick skin

A
  • feet and hands

- 5 layers

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11
Q

thin skin

A
  • 4 layers
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12
Q

strata

A

bed sheets

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13
Q

stratum basale

A

deepest epidermal layer

single row of cells

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14
Q

tactile epithelial cells or merkel cells

A

distributed among keratinocytes

associated with sensory nerves and receptors for touch

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15
Q

melanocytes

A

10-25% cells in stratum basal
spider-shaped
produce melanin

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16
Q

melanin

A

transfer through spider legs to keratinocytes

creates skin color

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17
Q

Dark- skinned people

A

darker melanin
more granules
more pigment
NOT more melanocytes

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18
Q

Light-skinned people

A

melanin is digested by lysosomes

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19
Q

stratum spinosum

A

mitosis occurs here
thick bundles of intermediate filaments
tension-resisting protein pre-keratin

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20
Q

dendritic cells

A

star-shaped

police outer body surface using endocytosis and take up antigens

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21
Q

stratum granulosum

A

1-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes

granular layer

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22
Q

stratum lucidum

A

in thick skin

transition zone

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23
Q

stratum corneum

A

external part of the epidermis

24
Q

bulla

A

large blister

25
Q

located between hypodermis and dermis?

A

dermal plexus

26
Q

located just below the dermal papillae

A

subpapillary plexus

27
Q

Two layers of the dermis

A

papillary

reticular

28
Q

papillary layer

A

superficial 20% of dermis
areolar connective tissue
contains very thin collagen and elastic fibers

29
Q

dermal papillae

A

fingerlike projection that extend into the overlying epidermis

30
Q

What create fingerprints and palm prints?

A

epidermal ridges or friction ridges

31
Q

reticular layer

A

80% of the thickness of the dermis
denser irregular connective tissue
thick bundles of collagen and elastic fibers
most parallel to the skin surface

32
Q

Less dense regions between collagen bundles

A

cleavage lines or tension lines

33
Q

Langerham cells

A

dendritic cells of skin and mucosa

34
Q

strech marks

A

striae

35
Q

hypodermis is also called

A

superficial fascia

36
Q

3 pigments that contribute to skin color

A

1- melanin
2- carotene
3- hemoglobin

37
Q

What are freckles and moles?

A

localized accumulations of melanin

38
Q

carotene

A

yellow-orange pigment that body obtains from vegetables accumulates in stratum corneum

39
Q

hematoma

A

clotted mass of escaped blood

40
Q

skin appendages

A 
nails 
hair
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands
41
Q

What is the cuticle called?

A

eponychium

42
Q

Bone of the fingertip

A

phalanx

43
Q

Hair is filled with what kind of keratin?

A

Hard keratin

44
Q

Hairs 3 keratinized cell layers

A

medulla
cortex
cuticle

45
Q

medulla

A

large cells and air spaces

46
Q

cortex

A

several layers of flattened cells

47
Q

cuticle

A

single layer of cells that overlap one another like a roof

48
Q

Why are tension lines important?`

A

important to surgeons

incisions made parallel to the lines tend to gape less

49
Q

What do u find in the hypodermis?

A

superficial fascia

50
Q

What are nails made of?

A

Dead keratinized cells

51
Q

knot of sensory nerve endings wraps around each hair bulb to form…

A

hair follicle receptor or root hair plexus

52
Q

a nipplelike bit of the dermis

A

connective tissue papilla/ hair papilla

53
Q

epithelial cells in the hair bulb just above the papilla makeup

A

hair matrix

54
Q

wall of hair follicle is

A

composed of outer connective tissue root sheath

55
Q

epithelial root sheath has two parts

A

external and internal root sheath

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

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