Flashcards in 5 Nephrology and Acid-Base Deck (36)
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31
kidney Stone sizes to know
<5mm IVF and analgesia
<7mm can use MET
>30mm surgery for sure
In between: depends, lithotripsy, uretoscopy, etc
32
PCKD
-think what 3 extrarenal things
cysts in:
-brain
-liver
-pancreas
So, SAH, cirrhosis, pancreatitis
33
Renal cyst, big picture approach?
Ask yourself, is this RCC??
1. if cyst small, think simple, no tx
2. if cyst big with septations, think complex cyst, do needle bx
3. If classic triad, or paraneoplastic sxs (anemia or polycythemia), think RCC. Do CT. Then Cut it out, no bx
34
Predicted anion gap
Albumin x3. So, with alb 4, AG predicted is 12
Alb 2, predicted is 6.
35
metabolic alkalosis
-how to approach dx
1. volume responsive?
Measure Urine Cl. If low (<10), then contraction alk (high aldo retaining NaCl, so Cl low). Give fluids
If Urine Cl >10, not volume responsive.
-urine Cl>10 and HTN, then hyperaldosteronism (not responsive to fluids). eg RAS and Conn's syndrome
-urine Cl>10 and no HTN, then think genetic. Bartter and Gitelman
36
