Flashcards in 50/51: Bone Tumors - Mahoney Deck (52)
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1
best radiologic test to help diagnose bone lesions, including tumors
x-ray
2
when do you do a biopsy?
last step
- do not do if you will not be treating the malignancy or the center of biopsy performance will not be performing biopsy
3
latent
thin sclerotic or radiolucent narrow margin (0.1-1.0 mm), no periosteal reaction, absent soft tissue mass
4
active
wide (2-10 mm) margin, none or mild periosteal reaction, absent soft tissue mass
5
aggressive
wide or poorly defined margin, mild or major periosteal reaction, soft tissue mass present
6
several ill-defined areas of lucency
moth eaten - aggressive
7
ill-defined pattern of lucency caused by many small irregular holes in the bone
permeative - aggressive infection or malignancy
8
geographic lesions
lesion grows slowly, bone has time to retreat and lay down new bone around the lesion
9
lesion grows in fits or starts, periosteum has time to lay down thin shell of new bone before the leion starts another growht sput
lamellate/ onion skin
10
sun burst/ hair on end
periosteum has no time to lay down bone, but sharpey's fibers bevome stretched out perpendicular to bone and then ossify
11
codman's triangle
only the edges of the raised periosteum will ossify - this little bit of ossification forms a small angle with the surface of bone, but not a complete triangle
12
non-metastatic diseases the produce periosteal reactions
HEATHV
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
endosteal hyperostosis
acromegaly
thyroid acropachy
hypervitaminosis A
*** venous stasis
13
what is bone matrix?
substance in bone produced by osteoblasts AND chondroblasts
14
speckled
chondroid matrix
15
cloudy
osseous matrix
16
ground glass
fibrous, cystic lesion producing little or no calcification
17
4 cartilage forming tumors
osteochondroma
solitary enchondroma
chondroblastoma
chondrosarcoma
18
2 bone forming tumors
osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma
osteogenic sarcoma
19
benign tumors
enchondroma
osteochondroma
osteoid osteoma
osteoblastoma
giant cell tumore (10% malignant)
chondroblastoma
20
malignant tumors
osteogenic sarcoma
chondrosarcoma
fibrosarcoma
ewing's sarcoma
metastatic carcinoma
21
FOG MACHINES
solitary lytic lesions of bone
Fibrous dysplasia
Osteoid osteoma/osteoblastoma
Giant cell tumor
Metastasis, myeloma
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma
Hyperparathyroidism, hemangioma
Infection
Non-ossifying fibroma
Eosinophilic granuloma, enchondroma
Solitary boe cyst, sarcoidosis
22
long lesion in a long bone
fibrous dysplasia or non-ossifying fibroma (moves into marrow space)
23
hurts like a b and tough to see
osteoid osteoma
- night pain relieved by ASA or NSAIDS
- produces high amounts of prostaglandins
24
at the end of a long fast, teens have a blast
osteoblastoma
- most common tumor in teens at the ends of the long bones
25
osteoid osteoma v osteoblastoma
no surrounding reactive bone sclerosis in osteoblastoma
26
massive in metaphysis
giant cell tumor
27
most common primary bone malignancy in body
metastasis/myeloma
28
metastasis to bone
adult male - lung
adult female - breast
also kidney and thyroid
29
#1 primary metastasis to foot and ankle bone
colorectal CA
30
