Lab practical 3

Question 1

function of kidneys

Answer 1

filter blood of waste, regulate fluid balance, regulate electrolytes

Question 2

anatomical location of kidneys

Answer 2

by the 12th rib, right is lower

Question 3

function of ureters

Answer 3

carry urine from kidneys to bladder

Question 4

anatomical location of ureters

Answer 4

run from kidney to urinary bladder

Question 5

function of urinary bladder

Answer 5

stores urine until excretion

Question 6

location of urinary bladder

Answer 6

in pelvis, just above + behind pelvic bone

Question 7

function of urethra

Answer 7

carries urine from bladder to outside of body

Question 8

function of cortical nephron

Answer 8

filtration of urine

Question 9

location of cortical nephron

Answer 9

in cortex + part of medullary layer of renal lobe

Question 10

which nephron is more abundant in body?

Answer 10

cortical nephron

Question 11

function of hilum

Answer 11

location of blood vessels, nerves + lymphatic vessels

Question 12

location of hilum

Answer 12

round, neck-like part, location of renal pelvis

Question 13

function of medulla

Answer 13

holds renal pyramids

Question 14

location of medulla

Answer 14

deep to cortex, superficial to renal papilla

Question 15

function of cortex

Answer 15

holds part of nephrons

Question 16

location of cortex

Answer 16

superficial to the renal capsule

Question 17

function of glomerular capsule

Answer 17

first step in blood to urine filtration, location of macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells

Question 18

pathways for blood to go once in glomerular capsule

Answer 18

[macula densa cells] filter out Na, glucose, amino acids–enter Bowman’s capsular space–proximal tubule–descending loop of Henle–ascending loop of Henle–distal convoluted tubule–collecting duct–ureter

[juxtaglomerular cells] filter out WBCs, RBCs, platelets–efferent arteriole–peritubular capillaries–renal vein

Question 19

what makes up glomerular capsule?

Answer 19

glomerulus + Bowman’s capsule

Question 20

function of proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 20

reabsorption of water, impermeable to other stuff

Question 21

function of distal convoluted tubule

Answer 21

reabsorption of Na, Cl, glucose

Question 22

location of proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 22

closest to glomerulus, following pathway of blood through nephron–comes right after glomerulus

Question 23

location of distal convoluted tubule

Answer 23

after ascending loop of Henle

Question 24

function of descending loop of henle

Answer 24

permeable to water, impermeable to solutes, concentrates filtrate as it goes down (more salty)

Question 25

what tissue makes up descending loop of henle

Answer 25

simple squamous epithelial

Question 26

what tissue makes up the ascending loop of henle

Answer 26

cuboidal epithelium