5.10: Reconstruction

Question 1

LINCOLN

Answer 1

• believed South never actually left Union = illegal to do so
• treating Southerners harshly would only reignite secession tensions

Question 2

10% PLAN

Answer 2

• Congress tried to pass Wade-Davis Bill [requiring 50% allegiance pledge]
• vetoed by Lincoln
• terms for Southern states to rejoin Union
  1. Re-establishment of state gov if 10% of electorate pledged loyalty to Union
  2. State legislature had to ratify 13th Amendment [abolishment of slavery]

Question 3

JOHNSON

Answer 3

• consecutive President
• War Democrat, Southern Unionist and White Supremacist
• tried carrying out Lincoln’s plan but had no sympathy for equality
• wanted South readmitted ASAP
• carried out reunion plan
• watched as former slave owning class recreated Antebellum conditions
• states should make their own laws

Question 4

BLACK CODES

Answer 4

• passed by many states
• restricted Southern black freedom
• forced to work for low wages

Question 5

RADICAL REPUBLICANS

Answer 5

• Southern secession led to damage and death
• hated Johnson
• wanted Reconstruction via Congress
• wanted legislation upholding and extending rights of Southern black and suppressing Southern resurgence

Question 6

FREEDMAN’S BUREAU

Answer 6

• established by Congress
• help newly freed blacks get on their feet
• reunited families separated by slavery

Question 7

1866: CIVIL RIGHT’S ACT

Answer 7

• protected black citizenship
• granted equal protection under law
• Johnson vetoed legislation
• Radical Republicans mustered 2/3 majority in Congress to override

Question 8

1868: 14TH AMENDMENT

Answer 8

• all persons born in US = citizens
• every citizen to enjoy equal protection of laws

Question 9

1867: RECONSTRUCTION ACTS

Answer 9

• ensured laws passed enforced in South
• Republicans divided South into 5 districts under federal troop occupation
• to rejoin states had to ratify 14th Amendment and provide universal voting rights

Question 10

IMPEACHMENT OF JOHNSON

Answer 10

• Congress passed Tenure of Office Act whereby illegal for President to fire Cabinet member w/out Congress approval
• Johnson did above
• Senate failed to oust him
• but Johnson = powerless

Question 11

WOMEN’S RIGHTS

Answer 11

• 15th Amendment: voting rights to freed black in South
• women’s activists like Stanton enraged because still no women’s suffrage
• NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION
• Stanton and Anthony
• fought for extension of franchise to women
• AMERICAN WOMEN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION
• Stone and Blackwell
• same disappointment and fight
• BUT argued supporting Reconstruction = important