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ORAL PATHOLOGY! > Exam 5-INFECTIVE stomatitis-BACTERIAL > Flashcards

Exam 5-INFECTIVE stomatitis-BACTERIAL Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two culprits for IMPETIGO?

A

Strep Pyogenes and Staph Aureus

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2
Q

What AGE range typically deals with impetigo? what are the two main locations?

A

YOUNG children…the face and extremeties

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3
Q

How is impetigo spread?

A

by skin contact

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4
Q

What are the two HALLMARK signs of an impetigo lesion?

A
  1. light brown “AMBER” colored crusts that look like 2. CORNFLAKES…mmmm
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5
Q

Much like HSV lesions, impetigo lesions will _______ until treated!

A

persist

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6
Q

What are the three antibiotics used to treat impetigo? Which one is topical?

A

Topical: MUP_IR_O_CIN….others CEPH-AL-EX_IN….and DIC_LOX_acillin :)

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7
Q

What are the two possible etiologies for tonsilitis and pharyngitis?

A

bacterial or viral

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8
Q

IF the source of tonsilitis or pharyngitis is BACTERIAL in origin, then it is most likely THIS culprit:

A

GROUP A, beta-hemolytic STREPTOCCI

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9
Q

What is the most common age range for tonsilitis/pharyngitis?

A

5-15 years old

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10
Q

What are the three most common antibiotics used to treat tonsilitis/pharyngitis?

A

penicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporin

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11
Q

What are the three possible complications from strep throat?

A

1.Scarlet Fever 2.Rheumatic fever 3.GlomeruloNephritis

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12
Q

Scarlet fever is caused by what group of bacteria?

A

Group A (the scarlet letter), beta-hemolytic streptococci

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13
Q

What are the two oral manifestations of scarlet fever?

A

palatal petechiae and strawberry tongue

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14
Q

What condition is STRAWBERRY TONGUE associated with?

A

SCARLET FEVER

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15
Q

What is the complication from sore throat (tonsilitis/pharyngitis) that affects heart, joints, central nervous system, damages heart valves?

A

Rheumatic Fever!

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16
Q

What is the bacterium that causes syphillis?

A

TREP-O-NEMA PALL-id-UM

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17
Q

What are the two modes of transmission for syphillis?

A

direct contact with mucosal surfaces (1.sexual contact and 2. mother to fetus)

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18
Q

Where is the HIGHEST prevelence of syphilis out of industrialized countries?

A

THE USA BABY! 50-100x higher!

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19
Q

What is the HALLMARK sign of primary syphilis?

A

a CHANCER (PAINLESS ulcer at the site of inoculation)

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20
Q

Where are the 4 most common sites or manifestation of syphilis?

A

external genitalia, anus, lip, and tongue

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21
Q

When do chancres arise in primary syphilis?

A

3-90 days after exposure

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22
Q

How long does it take to progress from primary syphilis to secondary syphilis?

A

4-10 weeks after initial infection

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23
Q

What are two oral manifestations of SECONDARY syphilis?

A

Mucous patches and “snail track” ulcers

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24
Q

What is the name for the maculopapular cutanrous rash associated with secondary syphilis?

A

CONDYLO-MATA LATA

25
Q

What are the unique regions of the body where we might see rashes in SECONDARY syphilis?

A

palms of hands, soles of feet

26
Q

After secondary syphilis, it can either go to latent phase which can last from 1-__ years, or it can go to tertiary, which occurs in ___% of patients

A

1-30 years…30%

27
Q

What is the HALLMARK lesion of tertiary syphilis?

A

a GUMMA (unique type of necrosis)

28
Q

Intraorally with tertiary syphilis, what are the two most common locations for a GUMMA?

A

palate (perforation) or tongue

29
Q

What is the manifestation of tertiary syphilis on the tongue? What color does it turn?

A

glossitis-atrophy and loss of dorsal tongue papillae…WHITE

30
Q

In congenital syphilis, you are likely to see these manifestations of a persons overall appearance: Frontal _______, underdeveloped ________, high ______ palate, AND THIS HALLMARK: _________ deformity

A

bossing, maxilla, arched, saddle nose deformity

31
Q

What are the three components of Hutchenson’s triad?

A

1.Intersitital Keratitis of the cornea 2. CN VIII deafness 3.Dental Abnormalities

32
Q

What are the two dental abnormalities associated with CONGENITAL syphilis?

A

Hutchinson’s incisors (screwdriver shaped) and Mulberry Molars (bumps on occlusal surface)

33
Q

How should the diagnosis of syphilis be made?

A

BLOOD TESTS!

34
Q

Which blood test for syphilis is SENSITIVE, but not specific?

A

VDRL and RPR

35
Q

Which blood test for syphilis is SPECIFIC?

A

TPHA and FTA-ABS

36
Q

What is the antibiotic of choice for treating syphilis?

A

good ole penicillin

37
Q

What is the causative agent for TUBERCULOSIS?!

A

Myco-Bacterium Tuberculosis

38
Q

What is the main factor in TB progressing from infection to disease?

A

immunodeficiency

39
Q

How is TB spread?

A

respiratory droplets

40
Q

What is the name of lymph node involvement in TB?

A

Scrofula

41
Q

Which bacterial infection is associated with skin “lupus vulgaris” (dark red patches)?

A

TB

42
Q

Since TB is spread through respiratory droplets, what are the two most common oral manifestations of TB?

A

1.chronic painless ulceration on tongue or palate 2.atypical periodontal disease

43
Q

Which bacterial infection can produce an oral manifestation that can be confused with squamous cell carcinoma?

A

TB (chronic painless ulceration with rolled borders on tongue or palate)

44
Q

A TB biopsy shows _________ with central areas of necrosis

A

granulomas

45
Q

A TB is seen using an AFB- Acid fast bacillus stain shows typical WHAT COLOR bacilli?

A

RED

46
Q

What are the two meds for treating TB (they are a BEAR)?

A

ISON-IA_ZID and RI-FAM-PIN

47
Q

No actinomycosis is NOT a fungal infection, its a bacterial infection caused by WHICH bacterium? is this bacterium aerobic or anaerobic?

A

ActinoMyces Israelii…ANaerobic

48
Q

Since actinomyces israelii is a member of the normal oral flora, what are two common ways it can cause an infection?

A

surgery or trauma

49
Q

What % of cases of actinomyces occur in cervicofacial areas? (perio pocket, non-vital tooth, ext socket, etc)

A

55%

50
Q

SINCE actinomyces israelii is an anaerobe, what might we expect to see in an infection in the oral cavity?

A

Abscess and draining sinus tracts

51
Q

What is the HALLMARK of a histo slide of an actinomyces infection?

A

yellow “sulfur granule” colonies

52
Q

Besides TB, what is the other infection that needs LONG term Abx? (like 6wks to a YEAR)

A

Actinomycosis

53
Q

AWE-SOME, removal of infected tissue in Actinomycosis can sometimes clear the infection because of what feature?

A

Actinomyces Israelii is ANaerobic and dies when exposed to the air

54
Q

What are the 6 types of BACTERIAL infectious stomatitis (and what is their primary culprit)?

A

1.Impetigo (strep pyogenes, staph aureus) 2.Tonsilitis/Pharyngitis (group A, beta-hemolytic strep) 3. Syphilis 4.TB (mycobacterim tuberculosis) 5.Actinomycosis (actinomycoses israelii) 6.Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (Bacillus Fusiformis and Borrelia Vincetii)

55
Q

What are the TWO main culprits of NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS?

A
  1. Bacillus Fusi-Formis 2.Borrel_IA VIN-CET-ii
56
Q

Which bacterial stomatitis frequently occurs in situations of stress, immunodeficiency or malnourishment and happens in young and middle-age people?

A

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

57
Q

Which part of the oral cavity show the most signs of inflammation and hemorrhage?

A

interdental papillae

58
Q

In NUG- Papillae are blunted with areas of “punched-out” necrosis that are covered with a WHAT COLOR pseudomembrane?

A

gray

59
Q

What is the first line tx after debridement in a patient with NUG? When might we need to Rx systemic Abx?

A

Chlorhexidine…Abx if SYSTEMIC fever or lymphadenopathy present

ORAL PATHOLOGY! (40 decks)

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