Pediatrics

Question 1

benzos cause what birth defect?

Answer 1

cleft lip / palate

Question 2

colicky abdominal pain, age

Answer 2

intususception

Question 3

bilious vomiting first 4 weeks

Answer 3

intestinal malrotation

Question 4

children vitamin D recommendation

Answer 4

400 IU daily

Question 5

beefy red rash on child’s perineum

Answer 5

GAS

Question 6

erythema toxic neonatorum vs acne neonatorum

Answer 6

erythema toxic neonatorum: 1st 2 weeks, papules on red base

acne neonatorum: usually on face, @ 2 months

Question 7

ADR of erythromycin in infants

Answer 7

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Question 8

car seat guidelines

Answer 8

0-2 yr: rear facing

8-12 yr: booster until 57 inches (4 foot 9)

Question 9

cough and cold meds aren’t for kids under

Answer 9

2 yrs

Question 10

papular rash in 2-5 day old and eosinophils

Answer 10

erythema toxic neonatorum

Question 11

SIDS occurs at what age?

Question 12

at what age does genu valgus normalize?

Answer 12

6 yrs

Question 13

serum bicarb in children for dehydration

Question 14

tx for croup (laryngotracheitis)

Answer 14

one dose of corticosteroids

Question 15

features of constitutional delay of growth and puberty

Answer 15

delayed bone age
low Tanner stage
normal growth potential
inherited

Question 16

newborn should regain its birth weight by

Answer 16

14 days

Question 17

pain of hip in young, no weight bearing

• differential
• workup

Answer 17

transient synovitis or septic arthritis of hip

x-ray, then CBC and ESR (WBC and ESR elev in septic arthritis)

Question 18

BP, HR, Temp that warrants hospitalization of anorexic

Answer 18

BP

Question 19

tx of croup

Answer 19

aerosolized epi and IM dexamethasone

Question 20

tx bronchiolitis

Answer 20

trial of aerosolized albuterol or eli

Question 21

when to treat simple hydrocele with surgery

Answer 21

if it doesn’t resolve after 12 months

Question 22

MCC of hearing loss in newborns

Answer 22

genetic disorders

• Waardenburg
• Usher’s
• Alport
• Turner

Question 23

management of retracted eardrum

Answer 23

obs

Question 24

indication for tympanostomy tube

Answer 24

hearing loss > 3 months

Question 25

management of fever in child 0-28 days old

Answer 25

complete sepsis workup

• urine cx
• blood cx
• CSF cultures
• start IV ATBs

Question 26

med for croup that leads to shorter hospital stays

Answer 26

dexamethasone

Question 27

diet restrictions prior to surgery in pediatric patients

Answer 27

8 hrs solid food
6 hrs formula
4 hrs breast milk
2 hrs clear liquids

Question 28

sxs of Henoch Schonlein purpura

Answer 28

follows URI
fever
fatigue
arthralgia
colicky and pain
heme pos stool
palpable purpura

Question 29

indications for phototherapy

Answer 29

29-48 hrs: bilirubin > 15
49-72 hrs: > 18
> 72 hrs: > 20

Question 30

MCC of pneumonia 4 mos to 4 yrs

Answer 30

RSV

Question 31

pediatric pt with tachypnea, pallor, or respiratory distress - next step

Answer 31

pulse ox

Question 32

MCC of proteinuria

Answer 32

orthostatic proteinuria

Question 33

Tx of head lice

Answer 33

malathion

Question 34

sxs of AOM

Answer 34

bulging TM
opaque TM
immobile TM

Question 35

defn of primary amenorrhea

Answer 35

no menses at age 16 + normal secondary sex characteristics
OR
no menses at age 14 + no normal secondary sex characteristics

Question 36

MCC of primary amenorrhea

Answer 36

gonadal dysgenesis (ex: Turner syndrome)

Question 37

tx nocturnal enuresis (first and second line)

Answer 37

first line: enuresis alarm

second line: desmopressin

Question 38

4 factors of dehydration

Answer 38

capillary refill time > 2 sec
no tears
dry mucous membranes
ill general appearance

Question 39

treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis

Answer 39

IM ceftriaxone 20-50 mg/kg

Question 40

1 yr old with increased respiratory effort, wheezing, rhinorrhea, retractions

• dx
• next step

Answer 40

bronchiolitis from viral URI

give nebulized albuterol