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Family Med > Miscellaneous 2 > Flashcards

Miscellaneous 2 Flashcards

1
Q

when to get preop Hb/Hct

A

expected major blood loss

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2
Q

when to get preop electrolytes

A

incr risk of it being abnormal (diuretics)

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3
Q

when to get preop serum creatinine

A

major surgery
expect hypotension
will use nephrotoxic drug
patient > 50 yo

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4
Q

ages that need preop EKG

A

men > 45

women > 55

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5
Q

differential for bilateral LE edema

A

CHF
liver
ATN or nephritic syndrome

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6
Q

decr vision
boring eye pain
headache
associated w/ autoimmune diseases

A

scleritis

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7
Q

most sensitive test for alcohol

most specific test for alcohol

A

sensitive: GGT
specific: MCV

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8
Q

ADR of niacin

A

increases insulin resistance

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9
Q

ADR of thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)

A

edema

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10
Q

MOA sitagliptin (Januvia)

A

suppresses glucagon elaboration and delayed gastric emptying

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11
Q

how to dose NPH and regular insulin in type 1 diabetics

A

2/3 total AM, 1/3 total PM
75% should be NPH, 25% regular insulin
so 50% NPH AM, 17% regular insulin AM
25% NPH PM, 8.5% regular insulin PM

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12
Q

how to dose Lantus and Lispro in type 1 diabetics

A

40-50% Lantus, 50-60% Lispro

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13
Q

how does stress affect cholesterol

A

raises LDL

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14
Q

smoking affects what part of cholesterol

A

decreases HDL

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15
Q

what statins aren’t metabolized by CYP

A

pravastatin (Pravachol)
rosuvastatin (Crestor)
fluvastatin (Lescol)

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16
Q

use what in pt with low HDL and high TG

A

gemfibrozil

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17
Q

gemfibrozil MOA

A

changes hepatic metabolism of lipoproteins

18
Q

MOA ezetemibe (Zetia)

A

interferes w/ cholesterol absorption in gut

19
Q

med that increases HDL most

A

niacin (then fenofibrate)

20
Q

med that decreases TG a lot

A

fenofibrate

21
Q

bariatric surgery for obese person BMI > 35 needs to also have one of the following

A

Pickwickian syndrome
obesity related cardiomyopathy
severe DM
severe sleep apnea

22
Q

echinacea used for

A

prophylaxis URI

23
Q

herbal used for prophylaxis of URIs

A

echinacea

24
Q

medical and medicine causes of SIADH

A 
infections (meningitis, pneumonia)
CNS tumors
amiodarone
carbamazepine
SSRIs
chlorpromazine
25
Q

things that cause false positive UDS

A 
poppyseed muffin
NSAIDs
selegiline
Vicks inhalers
dextromethorphan
fluoroquinolones
rifampin
venlafaxine
26
Q

most common complication of gastric bypass surgery

A

iron and B12 deficiency

27
Q

sxs of DRESS and next step

A

eosinophilia
erythroderma
fever, lymphadenopathy
elevated liver enzymes

DC offending medication (allopurinol is worst)
start corticosteroids

28
Q

why are combined OCPs CI in migraine with aura

A

increases risk of ischemic strokes

29
Q

low dose ASA guidelines for men and women

  • age
  • purpose
A

men age 45-79 for MI

women age 55-79 for ischemic stroke

30
Q

2 meds that can be used for both prevention and treatment of acute mountain sickness

A

acetazolamide

dexamethasone

31
Q

management of hypercalcemic crisis

A

normal saline

then loop diuretic if still high ca

32
Q

indication for stress ulcer prophylaxis

A

mechanical ventilation for 48 hours

33
Q

tx of uveitis associated w/ ankylosing spondylitis

A

ocular corticosteroids

34
Q

pt on beta blocker, and unresponsive to epinephrine, next step?

A

IM glucagon (person on beta blocker will most likely not be responsive to epinephrine)

35
Q

anti-GAD antibodies

A

T1DM

36
Q

CI of tramadol

A

seizures

37
Q

analgesic of choice when stage 3-5 CKD

A

APAP

38
Q

safest NSAID for pt with h/o acute MI

A

naproxen

39
Q

first line therapy for keloid

A

corticosteroid injection

40
Q

which form of calcium should you use in patients on PPIs

A

calcium citrate (doesn’t require acidic environment)

41
Q

tx chronic fatigue syndrome

A

CBT and/or graded exercise therapy

Family Med (45 decks)

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