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Clinical Pathology > Immunisation/Infection Prevention and Control > Flashcards

Immunisation/Infection Prevention and Control Flashcards

1
Q

Passive immunity

A

E.g. mother to unborn child. Maternal antibodies can be protective for up to 1 r against illnesses to which the mother is immune.

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2
Q

Active Immunity

A

Long lasting immunity produced by the immune system in response to antigens (either from natural infection or vaccination) ‘immunological memory’

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3
Q

Live vaccines- active immunity

A

MMR, BCG, Yellow fever, varicella

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4
Q

Inactivated organisms- active immunity

A

Pertusisis, typhoid, IPV (inactivated polio vaccine)

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5
Q

Components of organisms-active immunity

A

Influenza, pneumococcal

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6
Q

Inactivated toxins

A

Diptheria, tetanus

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7
Q

Advantages of active immunity

A

Long-lasting, strong, local and systemic immunity

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8
Q

Disadvantages of active immunity

A

Potential to revert to virulence

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9
Q

Passive immunity

A

Vertical transmission from mother-foetus and breastfeeding

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10
Q

Give some examples of passive immunity

A

HNIG (human normal immunoglobulin) Botulism, hep B, rabies

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11
Q

Advantages of passive immunity

A

Stable-unable to cause infection

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12
Q

Disadvantages of passive immunity

A

Need several doses, local reactions common, adjuvant needed to increase the body’s immune responses, shorter lasting imunity

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13
Q

Describe the cycle of infection

A

Pathogenic organism>reservoir>exit>trasmission>entry>susceptible host

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14
Q

Decontamination

A

Umbrella term for sterilization.disenfection,antisepsis Removing organisms/cntaminants e.g. environmental hydrogen peroxide decontamination

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15
Q

Asepsis

A

the absense of bacteria, viruses or other microorganisms e.g. MRSA decolonisation. Antibiotic prophylaxis

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16
Q

Sterilization

A

Complete killing or removal of all types of microorganisms e.g. heat, chemical or radiation

17
Q

Disinfection

A

Removal or destruction of sufficient numbers of potentially harmful microorganisms

18
Q

Antisepsis

A

Disenfection applied to damaged skin or living tissues

19
Q

Difference between disinfection and sterilization

A

Disenfection- removing all pathogenic organisms with the exception of bacterial endospores
Sterilization-removing pathogenic organisms and endospores

Clinical Pathology (53 decks)

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