5.2

Question 1

3 factors that caused revolutions

Answer 1

Nationalism: used by states to unify their people
-Russia imposed Russian language, but it only magnified and empowered Finnish, Ukrainian and Polish nationalism to preserve their own culture
Political dissent: global rejection of authority, discontentedness under monarchs
-Safavid Empire: imposed more taxes, nomadic military groups resisted, which weakened the Safavid and led to it’s ultimate decline
-Wahhabi sought to reform Islam, which weakened the Ottoman Empire and led to their decline
New ideologies and systems of thinking:
-social contract
-Constitution
-Democracy
-Liberalism
-Popular sovereignty

Question 2

Rousseau

Answer 2

helped to form the social contract idea

Question 3

Montesquieu

Answer 3

the idea of separation of governmental powers

Question 4

Hobbes

Answer 4

basically, people are evil, and there should be a government to rule over them in order to formally protect people’s rights

Question 5

John Locke

Answer 5

Promoted the idea of social contracts, the constitution, natural rights, and denounced the Divine Right of Kings

Question 6

Philippine Revolution

Answer 6

Controlled by Spain, and there was a tight control on education, so people often went to Europe to receive education. There, they’d be exposed to Enlightenment thought and then they’d bring those ideas back home, publishing them. The Spaniards became harsher on the Filipinos and the Revolt started, but the Filipinos were unsuccessful in removing the Spaniards.