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Jamie Cardiovascular Pathology > Thrombosis and Embolism > Flashcards

Thrombosis and Embolism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for normal blood flow?

A

Laminar

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2
Q

What is the term for stagnant blood flow?

A

Stasis

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3
Q

What is the term for unpredictable forceful flow?

A

Turbulance

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4
Q

What are the 2 main causes for problems in blood flow?

A

Thromboembolism

Atheroma

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5
Q

What is Virchow’s triad?

A

A group of 3 main factors that cause thrombosis

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6
Q

What are the 3 factors involved in Virchow’s triad?

A

Changes in blood vessel wall
Changes in blood constituents
Changes in blood flow patern

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7
Q

What is thrombosis?

A

The formation of a solid mass formed from blood constituents within the vascular system

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8
Q

What is the main cause for changes in the blood vessel wall?

A

Atheroma

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9
Q

What is a common cause for changes in the blood flow constituents?

A

Hypercholesterolaemia

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10
Q

What are 3 common clinical conditions related to thrombosis?

A

DVT (deep venous thrombosis)
Ischemic limb
MI

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11
Q

What is recanalisation?

A

The process of restoring blood flow to normal

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12
Q

What can propogation (spreading) of thrombosis lead to?

A

An embolism

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13
Q

What is an embolism?

A

The movement of abnormal material in the blood stream and impact in a vessel

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14
Q

What is an embolus?

A

A detached intravascular mass

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of thromboembolus?

A

Arterial & venous

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16
Q

Where do venous thromboemboli originate from?

A

Lower limbs (deep venous thromboses)

17
Q

Where do venous thromboemboli travel to>

A

The pulmonary arterial circulation

18
Q

What are 3 consequences of pulmonary thromboemboli?

A

Pulmonary infarction
Pulmonary hypertension
Right ventricular failure

19
Q

What are 2 social risk factors for DVT and pulmonary thromboembolism?

A

Increased age

Obesity

20
Q

When do fat emboli appear?

A

After major fractures

21
Q

What 3 organs can fat emboli affect?

A

Brain
Kidneys
Skin

22
Q

What is decompression sickness?

A

When N2 formed from rapid decompression lodge in the capi;;aroes

23
Q

What are 2 causes of air emboli?

A

Head and neck wounds

Surgery

24
Q

What type of emboli could be found in a pregnant woman’s lungs?

A

Trophoblasts

25
Q

What type of embolus is infective endocarditis related to?

A

Septic material

26
Q

What type of embolus can be caused by childbirth?

A

Amniotic fluid

27
Q

What embolus can be found after bone fractures?

A

Bone marrow

Jamie Cardiovascular Pathology (17 decks)

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