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Jamie Cardiovascular Pathology > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

What is the WHO definition of a stroke?

A

A neurological deficit of sudden onset lasting more than 24 hours of vascular origin

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2
Q

What is a transient attack?

A

A stroke-like attack lasting less than 24 hours

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3
Q

What are the 5 primary stroke symptoms?

A 
Loss of power
Loss of sensation
Loss of speech
Loss of vision
Loss of coordination
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4
Q

What are 3 symptoms that can occur during a stroke that suggest haemorrhaging?

A

Headache
Vomiting
Neck stiffness

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5
Q

What is a stroke usually caused by? (2)

A

Blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus

Haemorrhaging from a ruptured blood vessel

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6
Q

What is the main artery involved in supplying blood to the brain?

A

Carotid

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7
Q

What occurs in a hemorrhagic stroke?

A

Blood leaks into the brain tissue

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8
Q

What occurs in an ischemic stroke?

A

A clot stops prevents blood supply to an area of the brain

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9
Q

What is the most common cause of cardioembolic stroke?

A

Atrial fibrillation

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10
Q

What are the 4 stroke sub-types?

A

TACS (Total anterior circulation stroke)
PACS (Partial anterior circulation stroke)
LACS (Lacunar stroke)
POCS (Posterior circulation stroke)

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11
Q

What are 2 symptoms of TACS?

A

Loss of vision

Cerebral dysfunction

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12
Q

What is the main symptom of PACS?

A

Dysfunction of a limb

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13
Q

What is the symptoms of LAC?

A

Complete dysfunction of 1 side of body

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14
Q

What are the clinical risk factors for a stroke?

A

Hypertension

Atrial fibrilation

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15
Q

What 5 investigations would be done for a stroke?

A 
Bloods
ECG
CT 
MRI
Carotid doppler
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16
Q

What is the main technique used to treat stroke?

A

Thrombolysis (as soon as possible)

17
Q

What is a new procedure that is being used to treat stroke?

A

Clot retrieval

18
Q

What are 3 contraindications for thrombolysis?

A

Old age
Bleeding
Hypertension

19
Q

When is Phase 1 of the TIA & minor stroke treatment plan?

A

0-30 months

20
Q

What does Phase 1 of the TIA & minor stroke treatment plan include?

A

Daily appointment clinic available at all times

21
Q

When is Phase 2 of the TIA & minor stroke treatment plan?

A

30-60 months

22
Q

What does Phase 2 of the TIA & minor stroke treatment plan include? (2)

A

Access to an emergency action clinic

Treatment started at the clinic

23
Q

What drugs are used to prevent strokes? (3)

A

Anti-platelet drugs (Clopidogrel or Asprin)
Statins
BP drugs

24
Q

When is a carotid endarterectomy performed in stroke treatment?

A

After the vessels are heavily stenosed

Jamie Cardiovascular Pathology (17 decks)

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