Venous and Lymphatic Disease Flashcards
What are varicose veins?
Dilated superficial veins
What is the primary cause of varicose veins?
Valvular dysfunction
What are the 2 main sites for varicose veins?
Long saphenous
Short saphenous
What are 4 symptoms and signs of varicose veins?
Discomfort in the leg (localised or general) Nocturnal cramps Swelling Acute haemorrhage Pruritus (itching) Skin changes
What condition is closely related to varicose veins?
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
What are 3 indications for intervention for varicose veins?
Superficial thrombophlebiits
Chronic venous insufficiency
Bleeding
What are 3 treatment options for varicose veins?
Surgery (superficial venous surgery)
Sclerotherapy (injection)
Compression
What are 3 contra-indications for surgical intervention of varicose veins?
Previous DVT
Arterial insufficiency
Morbid obesity
What are 2 common complications of varicose vein surgery?
Minor haemorrhage
Haematoma
What are 3 minimally invasive treatments for varicose veins?
Foam sclerotherapy
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA)
Radiofrequency ablation
What is chronic venous insufficiency?
A condition that makes it difficult for blood to return to the heart from the legs due to problems with the veins. This causes blood to collect in these veins,
What is the pooling of blood in the veins called?
Stasis
What are 4 signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency?
Ankle oedema
Venous eczema
Venous ulceration
Talangectasia (spider veins)
The failure of what can cause chronic venous insufficiency?
Calf muscle pump
What are the 2 investigations that can be performed to diagnose a leg ulcer?
ABPI
Duplex
