53 SQ/Systemic Fungal Dz

Question 1

How do SQ mycoses typically begin?

Answer 1

Injuries

Question 2

Where are oomycosis found?

Answer 2

In the water

Question 3

What causes the disease pythium, and what kind of inflammation does it produce?

Answer 3

Oomycoses; pyogranulomatous

Question 4

What disease is clinically identical to pythium?

Answer 4

Lagenidium

Question 5

Phaeohyphomycosis is caused by _____ (dematiaceous/hyaline) fungi.

Answer 5

Dematiaceous

Question 6

What fungal disease has greatly affected the fish and caviar industry?

Answer 6

Systemic phaeohyphomycosis

Question 7

What kind of lesions do Cryptococcus neoformans create and in what tissues?

Answer 7

Ulcerative lesions in the mucous membranes of upper resp tract, CNS (meninges), and eye (chorioretinitis).

Question 8

What animal is most commonly affected by cryptococcus neoformans?

Answer 8

Cats

Question 9

Does cryptococcus cause a lot of inflammation, and why or why not?

Answer 9

No, because it stimulates Tregs

Question 10

What are the reservoirs of cryptococcus?

Answer 10

Dust/dirt, amoebas, and pigeon droppings

Question 11

T or F: systemic mycoses are rarely dimorphic.

Answer 11

F

Question 12

How are systemic fungal infections typically acquired?

Answer 12

Inhalation

Question 13

T or F: systemic mycoses are usually noncontagious.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

What kind of inflammation/lesions do systemic mycoses tend to cause?

Answer 14

Pyogranulomatous

Question 15

Is coccidioides dimorphic?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

What disease do coccidioides cause?

Answer 16

Valley fever

Question 17

What two domestic animals are most commonly infected with coccidioides?

Answer 17

Dogs and horses

Question 18

Coccidiomycosis reproduces by producing _____

Answer 18

Arthroconidias

Question 19

What lesions would you find on necropsy from a dog with valley fever?

Answer 19

Pulmonary lesions and osteomyelitis

Question 20

T or F: histoplasma is dimorphic

Answer 20

T

Question 21

What variety of Histoplasma is found worldwide?

Answer 21

Histoplasma var. capsulatum

Question 22

Histoplasma prefers an _____ (acidic/alkaline) environment.

Answer 22

Alkaline

Question 23

What is the relationship between histoplasma and population density?

Answer 23

Histoplasma is associated with high density populations

Question 24

What are the reservoirs of histoplasma?

Answer 24

Birds (passive carriers) and bats (intestinal infection)

Question 25

During infection, what type of cells do histoplasma attach to?

Answer 25

Macrophages in the lung

Question 26

What kind of inflammation does histoplasma cause?

Answer 26

Suppurative to granulomatous

Question 27

What domestic animal is most infected by histoplasma?

Answer 27

Dogs

Question 28

T or F: Blastomyces is dimorphic

Answer 28

T

Question 29

Where in North America is Blastomyces dermatitidis found?

Answer 29

Eastern third of the continent

Question 30

What mammals are most often affected by blastomycosis?

Answer 30

Humans and dogs

Question 31

What kind of Aspergillus is most common in animals and humans?

Answer 31

A. fumigatus

Question 32

What kind of disease does Aspergillus cause in birds?

Answer 32

Resp tract infection, mortality aprox 50%

Question 33

What kind of disease does Aspergillus cause in ruminants?

Answer 33

Bovine abortions in late pregnancy, mastitis