61+62 SA Zoonoses

Question 1

Where is cowpox found geographically?

Answer 1

UK and western Europe

Question 2

Briefly describe the clinical appearance of cowpox in a cat and how the cat would get cowpox.

Answer 2

Ulcerated cutaneous lesions after contact w/ rodents

Question 3

How do you usually treat cowpox?

Answer 3

It’s self-limiting

Question 4

S. aureus prefers to grow on ______ (human/animal) skin, whereas S. pseudintermedius prefers _____ skin.

Answer 4

Human, animal

Question 5

What gene is important for MRSA/MRSP?

Answer 5

The mecA mobile genetic element

Question 6

What class of antibiotics are methicillin resistant Staph spp. resistant to?

Answer 6

ALL beta-lactams

Question 7

What are 3 important commensal organisms from the canine/feline oral cavity that cause infections in bite wounds?

Answer 7

Pasteurella multocida, P. canis, Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Question 8

What cells do bartonella live in?

Answer 8

Erythrocytes and endothelial cells (possibly macrophages or other cells)

Question 9

How is bartonella transmitted?

Answer 9

Via a flea vector–infected flea feces must be inoculated into a scratch wound

Question 10

T or F: subclinical bartonella bacterima is uncommon.

Answer 10

F; widespread and common

Question 11

Bartonella is known to affect which body system in cats?

Answer 11

CV system – endocarditis; pyogranulomatous myocarditis; systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis

Question 12

T or F: both dogs and cats are associated w/ subclinical bartonella bacteremia.

Answer 12

F; cats are but not dogs

Question 13

How is bartonella diagnosed?

Answer 13

Serology (IFA or ELISA), blood culture, PCR

Question 14

What is the best way to prevent bartenellosis?

Answer 14

Year round flea control

Question 15

Describe how Bartonella looks under the microscope.

Answer 15

Small curved G- bacteria

Question 16

What is the causitive agent of plague?

Answer 16

Yersinia pestis

Question 17

Causitive agent of tularemia?

Answer 17

Francisella tularensis

Question 18

What are the clinical signs of both plague and tularemia?

Answer 18

Fever, lymphadenopathy, abscesses, pneumonia

Question 19

How is plague transmitted?

Answer 19

Flea bites, ingestion of infected rodents, rarely aerosol (pneumonic plague)

Question 20

How is tularemia transmitted?

Answer 20

Arthropod vectors (biting fly or ticks), ingestion of terrestrial or aquatic reservoirs, inhalation, cutaneous inoculation (bite wounds, usually cat)

Question 21

T or F: cats commonly develop clinical disease from leptospirosis.

Answer 21

F

Question 22

What shape are leptospira spp?

Answer 22

Spirochete

Question 23

Do leptospira maintenance hosts consistently shed the bacterium?

Answer 23

No–shed intermittently w/o obvious detrimental effects

Question 24

How is leptospirosis transmitted?

Answer 24

Direct transmission – contact w/ infected urine, venereal/placental transmission, bite wounds, ingestion of infected tissues
Indirect – exposure to contaminated food, water, soil, bedding

Question 25

What kind of pathology is caused by leptospiremia?

Answer 25

Vasculitis, renal and hepatic injury

Question 26

Where are the leptospira organisms eventually confined to d/t the antibody response?

Answer 26

Renal tubular epithelial cells

Question 27

Is lepto hardy in the environment?

Answer 27

No - easily dessicates

Question 28

What are some clinical signs of leptospirosis?

Answer 28

Anorexia, pyrexia, V/D, reluctance to move, abd pain, anuria or oliguria, icturus, dyspnea (pulmonary hemorrhage), uveitis, renal failure Peracute infections can cause rapid shock/death

Question 29

How is leptospirosis diagnosed?

Answer 29

Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), serial titers, serologic tests (in-clinic), culture, PCR

Question 30

How is lepto prevented?

Answer 30

Vaccination + rodent control

Question 31

What veterinary species is affected by psittacosis?

Answer 31

Birds

Question 32

Is chlamydia psittaci intracellular or extracellular?

Answer 32

Obligate intracellular

Question 33

What kind of pathology does psittacosis cause in birds?

Answer 33

Pneumonia, air sacculitis, pericarditis, hepatitis, splenitis, occasionally death

Question 34

How will birds with psittacosis present?

Answer 34

Sneezing, ocular discharge, ruffled feathers, diarrhea

Question 35

How is psittacosis shed?

Answer 35

Respiratory secretions, feces

Question 36

How do humans typically get toxoplasma infections?

Answer 36

Contaminated food or water; rarely from household cats

Question 37

What household species can get Q fever?

Answer 37

Cats

Question 38

What clinical signs do sporotrichosis cause?

Answer 38

Cutaneous nodules, draining skin lesions

Question 39

What type of organism is Sporothrix schenckii?

Answer 39

Fungus

Question 40

What are classical signs of brucellosis in dogs?

Answer 40

Male dogs w/ orchitid/epidydimitis or any dog w/ discospondylitis

Question 41

How is Brucella canis shed?

Answer 41

Urinary and geniral secretions

Question 42

What kind of symptoms does brucellosis cause in humans?

Answer 42

Flu-like