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MD4001 Anatomy > Cranial nerves 3 > Flashcards

Cranial nerves 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is nervus intermedius

A

part of the facial nerve that contains sensory and parasympathetic fibres

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2
Q

what nerve supplies sensation to the cavities of the head

A

trigeminal (somatic afferent)

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3
Q

what are the muscles of mastication derived from

A

1st pharyngeal arch (so special visceral efferent)

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4
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal motor nucleus

A

muscles of mastication

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5
Q

function of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

A

proprioception

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6
Q

trigeminal principle sensory nucleus

A

discriminative touch

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7
Q

trigeminal spinal nucleus

A

pain and temp for structures supplied by cn5 plus general sensation for viscera supplied by 9 and 10

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8
Q

where do the nerve roots of cn5 emerge

A

from the mid pons

pass forward onto the apex of the petrous temporal bone where the trigeminal ganglion lies in a cave of dura mater (meckel’s cave)

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9
Q

what is the other name for the trigeminal cave

A

Meckel’s cave

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10
Q

describe the pathway of the opthalmic and maxillary divisions

A

divisions pass anteriorly in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus to reach the superior orbital fissure then the orbit, and foramen rotundum then the pterygo-palatine fossa respectively

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11
Q

where does the opthalmic division exit the skull

A

superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

where does the maxillary division exit the skull

A

foramen rotundum and pterygo palatine fossa

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13
Q

where does the mandibular division exit the skull

A

foramen ovale and into the infratemporal fossa

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14
Q

what muscles does the facial nerve supply (special visceral efferent)

A

facial expression

stapedius
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric (from second pharyngeal arch)

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15
Q

what is the general visceral efferent supply of the facial nerve (psymp)

A

superior salivatory nucleus in the pons

lacrimal gland
nasal cavity
sinuses
palate
submandibular and sublingual glands
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16
Q

what is the special visceral afferent function of the facial nerve

A

taste from anterior 2/3rds of tongue (nucleus solitarius)

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17
Q

superior salivatory nucleus (cn7)

A

psymp secretomotor to lacrimal gland, nasal and oral cavities, submand and subling glands

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18
Q

where does the motor root of 7 and nervus intermedius emerge

A

cerebellopontine angle

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19
Q

where does the motor root of 7 go after emerging at the cerebellopontine angle

A

enters the petrous temporal bone at the internal acoustic meatus with cn 8 and the labyrinthine artery

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20
Q

where is the facial nerve at risk of compression

A

at the internal acoustic meatus- compression will affect muscles of facial expression and stapedius

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21
Q

where does the chorda tympani arise from cn 7

A

just before the stylomastoid foramen

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22
Q

what is the chorda tympani

A

a branch of the facial nerve that originates from the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste to the brain

it joins the facial nerve inside the facial canal at the level where the facial nerve exits the skull

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23
Q

what 3 nerves are involved in taste

A

glossopharyngeal
facial (chorda tympani)
vagus

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24
Q

what is the geniculate ganglion

A

neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head

motor, sensory and psymp

innervates lacrimal gland, submandibular, sublingual, tongue, palate, pharynx, external auditory meatus, stapedius, stylohyoid, digastric, muscles of facial expression

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25
Q

where are the cell bodies for taste

A

geniculate ganglion

26
Q

where is the greater petrosal nerve

A

escapes from the middle ear and lies of the surface of the petrous bone in the middle cranial fossa

passes through the foramen lacerum and heads towards the pterygoid canal

27
Q

foramen rotundum

A

maxillary nerve

28
Q

what does the greater petrosal nerve carry

A

visceral efferent (psymp) and taste (special visceral afferent) from the nervus intermedius 7

29
Q

what is the deep petrosal nerve derived from

A

the sympathetic plexus on the internal carotid (in the carotid canal)

30
Q

what do the greater petrosal and deep petrosal nerve combine to form

A

nerve of the pterygoid canal

31
Q

what does the nerve of the pterygoid canal pass through

A

the pterygoid canal to end up in the pterygopalatine fossa

32
Q

where are the pterygopalatine fossae

A

between the pterygoid process and the maxillary tuberosity, close to the apex of the orbit

33
Q

what is the nerve supply of mylohyoid and ant belly of digastric

A

inferior alveolar (dental nerve) from V3

then enters the mandibular foramen to supply the teeth
then emerges as the mental nerve to chin and lower lip

34
Q

describe the course of the chorda tympani

A

passes through the middle ear medial to the typanic membrane (between incus and malleus)

leaves the skull to join the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve

taste and psymp supply to glands

35
Q

where does the lingual nerve enter the oral cavity

A

between mylohyoid and hyoglossus

36
Q

what does the lingual nerve carry

A

is combined with the chorda tympani so carries taste and sensation from ant tongue and also psymp to the submandibular glands and sublingual

37
Q

what structure does v3 pass through

A

foramen ovale

38
Q

where does the chorda tympani emerge

A

petrotympanic fissure to join the lingual nerve in the infra temporal fossa

39
Q

where does the chorda tympani arise from cn7

A

just before the stylomastoid foramen

40
Q

what is the nerve supply of the maxillary sinus

A

infra orbital nerve with superior alveolar nerves

41
Q

what is the nerve supply of the spenoidal sinuses

A

V1 and V2

42
Q

what is the nerve supply of the frontal sinus

A

supraorbital nerve

43
Q

what is the nerve supply of the ethmoidal sinus

A

ant and post ethmoidal nerves

44
Q

what is the supply to the hard palate

A

greater palatine branch of V2 and artery

plus nasopalatine

45
Q

what is the supply to the soft palate

A

lesser palatine branch of V2 and artery

plus nasopalatine

46
Q

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve refer pain to (supplies tonsils)

A

middle ear

47
Q

what is the nerve supply to the septum of the nose

A

V1 and 2

48
Q

what structure does the nasopalatine nerve pass through to supply the anterior palate

A

incisive canal

49
Q

what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve continue as

A

external nasal nerve that supplies the tip of the nose

50
Q

what is the anterior ethmoidal nerve

A

branch of nasocilliary, V1, that supplies the cornea

51
Q

what is the nerve supply of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

V1 and V2

plus psymp from cn 7 nervus intermedius

52
Q

what structure does the olfactory nerve and anterior ethmoidal nerve pass through

A

cribriform plate

53
Q

what is the function of the sphenopalatine foramen

A

passage of branches of the maxillary nerve

54
Q

what does the supra orbital nerve supply

A

the frontal sinus

55
Q

what does the ethmoidal nerve supply

A

lateral wall of nasal cavity and the nasal septum

56
Q

what is the function of the lacrimal nerve (v1)

A

carries psymps fibres from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland

57
Q

what is the supply to the lacrimal gland

A

V2 and V1

zygomatic branches via inf fissure

58
Q

what nerves synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa

A

preganglionic fibres from nervus intermedius

59
Q

what bone is the pterygoid plates a part of

A

spenoid

60
Q

what passes through the foramen rotundum

A

maxillary nerve

61
Q

what does the greater petrosal nerve carry

A

taste and psymp from nervus intermedius

MD4001 Anatomy (45 decks)

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