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MD4001 Anatomy > Root of neck > Flashcards

Root of neck Flashcards

1
Q

what are the signs of pancoast tumour

A

tumour eats away at structures in the root of the neck:

horner’s syndrom
claudication of arm
lower motor neurone signs in the arm
breathlessness

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2
Q

where is the root of the neck

A

superior to the superior thoracic aperture and axillary inlet

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3
Q

what are the boundaries of the root of the neck

A

superior margin of manubrium and clavicle anteriorly

top of T1 and scapula to coracoid process posteriorly

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4
Q

what is the cupula

A

cervical pleura forms a cup like dome in the root of the neck

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5
Q

what is sibsons fascia

A

an extension of the endothoracic fascia in the root of the neck/ subpleural membrane

attached to TP of T1 and first rib

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6
Q

what structure encases the brachial plexus and axillary vessels

A

axillary sheath which is a lateral extension of the prevertebral layer

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7
Q

what is the function of Sibson’s fascia

A

prevents changes in pressure within the neck at inspiration and expiration

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8
Q

what is endothoracic fascia

A

lines the entire parietal pleura deep to the ribcage and intercostal muscles, separating the pleura and mediastinal structures

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9
Q

describe the course of the subclavian artery through the root of the neck

A

ascends into the root via the superior thoracic aperture

lies posterior to subc. vein and anterior scalene muscle

dives under clavicle and over first rib where it becomes the axillary artery

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10
Q

what muscle is the subclavian artery posterior to

A

anterior scalene

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11
Q

where is the first part of the subclavian artery

A

medial to the anterior scalene

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12
Q

where is the second part of the subclavian artery

A

posterior to anterior scalene

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13
Q

where is the third part of the subclavian artery

A

lateral to anterior scalene

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14
Q

what do the branches of subclavian artery supply

A

intracranial strucutres
thoracic structures
muscles in the back
structures in the neck

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15
Q

what are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery

A

vertebral
internal thoracic
thyrocervical trunk

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16
Q

what is the branch of the second part of the subclavian artery

A

costocervical trunk

17
Q

what is the branch of the third part of subclavian

A

dorsal scapula

18
Q

where does the vertebral artery go after arising from the first part of subclavian

A

ascends in the neck as the cervical part

enters the foramen transversarium of c6 vertebrae

ascends through c1-6

then travels to foramen magnum and becoms the basilar artery

19
Q

what are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk (branch of first part of subclavian)

A

inferior thryoid artery

transverse cervical

suprascapular

ascending cervical

20
Q

what is the function of the inferior thyroid artery

A

primary visceral artery of the neck

larynx, trachea, oesophagus, thyroid and parathyroid, adjacent muscles

21
Q

describe the course of the internal thoracic artery

A

descends inferomedially posterior to the clavicle into the thoracic cavity to the 6th intercostal space

anterior intercostals supply the intercostal spaces

22
Q

what are the branches of the costocervical trunk (branch of 2nd part of subclavian)

A

supreme intercostal artery to rib 1

deep cervical artery

23
Q

what is the subclavian vein a continuation of

A

the axillary vein, at lateral border of 1st rib

external jugular is a tributary

24
Q

what is the stellate ganglion

A

fusion of inferior cervical ganglion and first thoracic ganglion

25
Q

where is the superior cervical ganglion

A

c1/2

26
Q

where is the middle cervical ganglion

A

c6

27
Q

where is the inferior cervical ganglion

A

c7

28
Q

what does the superior cervical ganglion supply

A

internal and external carotids

cervical spine nerves

pharynx

superior cardiac nerves

29
Q

what does the middle cervical ganglion supply

A

middle cardiac nerves and cervical spinal nerves

30
Q

what does the inferior cervical ganglion supply

A

vertebral artery
cervical spinal nerves
inferior cardiac nerves

31
Q

what do the cervical ganglia regulate

A

eyes, eyelids, lacrimals, carotid body, salivary glands, sweat glands

MD4001 Anatomy (45 decks)

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