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Spinal > Lumbar Region > Flashcards

Lumbar Region Flashcards

1
Q

What parts of the vertebra may be used to distinguish L1-L4 form L5?

A

Vertebral body, pedicle, articular process, transverse process, spinous process

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2
Q

What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral Body from the cranial view?

A

Reniform or kidney-shaped

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3
Q

What accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?

A

The vertebral Boyd and intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height

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4
Q

What is the effect of aging on the vertebral body of a lumbar vertebra?

A

Decrease in height, increase in circumference

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5
Q

How many joint surface are present on the vertebral Boyd of a typical lumbar?

A

6

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6
Q

What muscles may attach to a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

Psoas major and minor

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7
Q

Psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral Boyd of which segments?

A

T122, L1

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8
Q

What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral Boyd to articular processes?

A

Transforaminal ligaments

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9
Q

What ligaments attach the vertebral Body to the transverse process?

A

Corporotransverse ligaments

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10
Q

What names ID ligaments that attach the dura mater to the vertebral body or pedicle?

A

Hofmann ligaments, (also megingeovertebral, anterior dural, Trolard’s ligament)

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11
Q

Hofmann ligaments are IDed in which regions along the vertebral column?

A

Cervical - her thoracic region and lumbar region

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12
Q

Cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments will attach a what structures together?

A

Dura mater to segments above

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13
Q

What is the highest level known to demonstrate Hofmann ligaments?

A

C6

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14
Q

What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments?

A

Resist causal movement of the dural sac; resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord

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15
Q

Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together/

A

Dura mater to lower segmental levels

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16
Q

What is the proposed function to the lumbar Hofmann ligaments?

A

Resist cranial moment of the dural sac during flexion

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17
Q

What is the proposed function of the proximal root sleeve ligament?

A

Resist displacement of the peripheral never system in the intervertebral Foramen

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18
Q

Which is the greatest diameter of the enteral for mane of a typical lumbars?

A

Transverse

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19
Q

How does the size of the vertebral Foramen differ along the spine?

A

Cervicals have the greatest size, lumbars next, thoracics are smallest

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20
Q

What part of the CNS is present in the lumbar spine>

A

The conus medullaris is typically presen in the vertebral foramina of L1

21
Q

What part off the PNS is present in the lumbar spine?

A

The cauda equina is typically present in the vertebral foramina of L2-L4

22
Q

What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar TVP?

A

Accessory porcess

23
Q

A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?

A

7% occurrence as a result of congenital elongation of the lumbar accessory process

24
Q

What parts of a vertebra are attached via the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

The mammillary process and accessory process of the same segment

25
Q

What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

The medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve

26
Q

What muscle(s) attach to the lumbar accessory process?

A

Longissimus thoracis and intertransversarii

27
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

Psoas major, quadratus lumborum, longissimus thoracis, rotators, and intertransversarii

28
Q

What are the posterior elements of the vertebra?

A

Zygapophysis, lamina and spinous process

29
Q

What are the anterior elements of the vertebrae?

A

Vertebral body and pedicel

30
Q

What is the orientation of the typical lumbar superior articular facet?

A

Backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave

31
Q

What is the orientation of the typical inferior articular facet?

A

Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD); significant convexity

32
Q

What is the name given to the projection on the lumbar superior articular process?

A

Mammillary process

33
Q

What muscles will attach to the lumbar superior articular processes?

A

Multifidis and intertransversarii

34
Q

What muscle(s) will attach to the mammillary process?

A

Multifidis and intertransversarii

35
Q

What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?

A

Mammillo-accessory ligament

36
Q

What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?

A

The zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane for L1/L2, L2/L3 and L3/L4; the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1

37
Q

What name is given to zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?

A

Joint symmetry

38
Q

What names are given to the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane?

A

Joint asymmetry or joint tropism

39
Q

Define or describe joint tropism.

A

The condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couples lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane

40
Q

What is the name(s) of the condition in which the typical lumbar process increases in length due to the aging process?

A

Basstrup’s syndrome or kissing spine

41
Q

What muscles will attach to the typical lumbar spinous process?

A

Latissimus dorsi, Serratus posterior inferior, Iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis

42
Q

Beginning with the L1 transverse process, what is the generic direction and relative length of each succeeding lumbar TVP?

A

Each TVP is directed straight lateral and increases in length from L1-L3; L4 then begins to decrease in length

43
Q

What is Baastrup’s syndrome?

A

Elongation of the lumbar spinous process as a result of aging

44
Q

What is the appearance of the fifth lumbar vertebral body from the lateral view?

A

Anterior height is greater than posterior height by several millimeters; it appears to form a wedge on a lateral X-Ray view

45
Q

What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?

A

Transformational ligaments

46
Q

What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the TVP?

A

Corporotransverse ligaments

47
Q

What is the reported angulation and X-Ray appearance of the fifth lumbar articular facets?

A

They lie in the vertical plane and are coronal facets

48
Q

What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar superior articular facet?

A

Backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave

49
Q

What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar inferior articular facet?

A

Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD); significant convexity

Spinal (47 decks)

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