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Spinal > The Head > Flashcards

The Head Flashcards

1
Q

Excluding the auditory ossicles, how many bones form the skull?

A

22 bones

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2
Q

What is the cranium?

A

The skull minus the mandible

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3
Q

What is the clavaria?

A

The skull cap

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4
Q

How many bones form the neurocranium?

A

8 bones

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5
Q

What bones form the neurocranium?

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid

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6
Q

How many bones form the facial skeleton?

A

14 bones

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7
Q

What are the four subclassifications of synarthrosis joints based on Latin groupings?

A

Suture, gomphosis, schindylesis and syndesmosis

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura vera (true sutures)?

A

Sutures demonstrating interlocking of the adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by intramembranous ossification

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of sutura notha (false sutures)?

A

Sutures lacking interlocking of adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by endochondral ossification

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10
Q

Which sutures will interlock and overlap at their edges/

A

Limbous sutures

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11
Q

Which sutures demonstrate non-interlock, but will overlap at their edges?

A

Squamous sutures

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12
Q

Which sutures will neither interlock nor overlap at their edges?

A

Harmonica sutures

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13
Q

What were the classifications of sutura vera based on Latin groupings?

A

Serrate, dentist late and limbous

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14
Q

What were the classifications of sutura notha based on Latin groupings?

A

Squamous and harmonia

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15
Q

What is the classification of a joint with a “fissure-like” condition?

A

Schindylesis

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16
Q

What are the typical examples of the serrate suture?

A

Most of the Sagittal suture and the metopic suture

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17
Q

What are the typical examples of the denticulate suture?

A

Lambdoid suture and posterior part of the serrate suture

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18
Q

What are the typical examples of the limbous suture?

A

The inferior part of the coronal suture

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19
Q

What are the typical examples of the squamous suture?

A

Most of the temporo-parietal suture

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20
Q

What are the typical examples of the plane suture or harmonia suture?

A

Cruciate suture made u of the intermaxillary, interpalatine, and palato-maxillary sutures

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21
Q

What are the examples of the schindylesis type of suture?

A

Sphenoid-ethmoid-vomer articulation, the palatine-maxilla-vomer articulation

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22
Q

What are the examples of the gomphosis joint?

A

Maxilla-root of tooth; mandible- root of tooth

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23
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of the coronal and Sagittal sutures called?

A

The bergma

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24
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of the lambdoid and Sagittal sutures called?

A

The lambda

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25
Q

What is the glabella?

A

The elevation of bone over the frontal sinus between the orbits?

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26
Q

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at; the front of the skull?

A

Piriform aperture

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27
Q

What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?

A

Canine eminence

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28
Q

What forms a bullet-like chin?

A

A large mental protuberance

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29
Q

What forms an indented chin?

A

Well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance

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30
Q

What is the tip of the external occipital protuberance called?

A

The inion

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31
Q

What is the name of the linear elevation lateral to the external occipital protuberance?

A

Superior nuchal line

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32
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the zygomatic arch called?

A

The pterion

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33
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the mastoid proces called?

A

The asterion

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34
Q

What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?

A

The nasion, vertex, inion, and gnathion

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35
Q

What points on the skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?

A

The nasion, vertex, and inion

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36
Q

What is the appearance of the suture intersections over the hard palate called?

A

The cruciate or cruciform suture

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37
Q

What constitutes the bony floor of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Orbital plates of frontal bone, crista galli and cribriform plate of ethmoid

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38
Q

What Ostia are observed in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Cribriform plate, anterior and posterior ethmoid foramina and Foramen cecum

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39
Q

What asses through the cribriform plate?

A

Fill olfactoria of cranial nerve I, the olfactory nerve

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40
Q

What passes through the Foramen cecum?

A

An emissary vein

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41
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone, posterior clinoid processes and dorsum sella of sphenoid bone

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42
Q

What prominent parts of the brain rest on the middle cranial fossa?

A

Temporal poles of temporal lobes of cerebrum, hypophysis cerebri, optic chiasma

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43
Q

What bony feature is prominent in the median plane of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sella turcica

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44
Q

What are the parts of the sella turcica?

A

Anterior clinoid processes, sphenoidal jugum, posterior clinoid processes, dorsum sella, and hypophysial fossa of sphenoid bone

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45
Q

What forms the roof of the sella turcica?

A

Diaphragma sella

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46
Q

What neural structure occupies the sella turcica?

A

Hypophysis cerebri or pituitary gland

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47
Q

What is the location for the hypophysis cerebri or pituitary gland?

A

Sella turcica of the sphenoid

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48
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the skull via middle cranial fossa Ostia?

A

CN II, III, IV, V, and VI

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49
Q

What are the contents of the optic canal?

A

The optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

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50
Q

What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?

A

The ophthalmic veins, the oculomotor nerve, the trochlear nerve, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and the abducent nerve

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51
Q

The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve exits the middle cranial fossa via which opening?

A

The Foramen rotundum

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52
Q

What are the contents of the Foramen ovale?

A

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (Vc) and the lesser petrosal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

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53
Q

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve exits the middle cranial fossa via which opening?

A

The Foramen ovale

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54
Q

What are the contents of the Foramen spinosum?

A

The nervus spinosus from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and the middle meningeal artery

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55
Q

What opening allows a branch of the cranial nerve Vc to enter the middle cranial fossa form the infra temporal region?

A

The Foramen spinosum

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56
Q

What bones converge to form the Foramen lacerum?

A

The temporal, sphenoid and occipital bones

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57
Q

What are the contents of the Foramen lacerum?

A

The internal carotid artery, the carotid sympathetic nerve plexus, and a venous plexus

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58
Q

What are the contents of the carotid canal?

A

The internal carotid artery and the carotid sympathetic nerve plexus

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59
Q

What are the contents of the hiatus for the greater (superficial) petrosal nerve?

A

The greater (superficial) petrosal nerve, a branch of the facial nerve

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60
Q

What are the contents of the Vidian canal/pterygoid canal?

A

The vidian nerve or the nerve of the pterygoid canal

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61
Q

What are the contents of the hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve?

A

The lesser petrosal nerve, a branch of the tympanic plexus from the glossopharyngeal nerve

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62
Q

How will the lesser petrosal nerve typically exit the middle cranial fossa?

A

The Foramen ovale

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63
Q

Which Ostia will to exit the skull form the middle cranial fossa in the living person?

A

The Foramen lacerum, the hiatus for the greater (superficial) petrosal nerve and the hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve

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64
Q

What forms the roof of the posterior cranial fossa?

A

The tentorium cerebelli

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65
Q

What part of the central nerve system occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

A

The cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

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66
Q

Which cranial nerves exit posterior cranial fossa Ostia?

A

Cranial nerve VII (facial), VII (vestibulocochlear), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XI (spinal accessory) and XII (hypoglossal)

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67
Q

Which arteries arise in the posterior cranial fossa and descend through the Foramen magnum to supply the spinal cord?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

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68
Q

What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?

A

Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), VII (vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve), the nervus intermedius/nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII, the vestibular and cochlear roots of VII and the internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein

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69
Q

What are the contents of the jugular foramen?

A

The jugular bulb, the inferior petrosal sinus, the tympanic body/tympanic glomus or jugular body/jugular glomus, CN IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus) and XI (spinal accessory)

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70
Q

What cranial nerves are located within the jugular Foramen?

A

Cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal), X(vagus), and XI (spinal accessory)

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71
Q

What are the contents of the hypoglossal canal?

A

Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal)

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72
Q

What are the contents of the condylar canal?

A

An emissary vein connecting the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the vertebral venous plexus

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73
Q

What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?

A

Internal carotid and external carotid artery branches

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74
Q

What branches of the external carotid artery ramify in the scalp?

A

Occipital, posterior auricular, and superficial temporal arteries …. OPS

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75
Q

Branches of nerves from what parts of the CNS innervate the scalp?

A

Both cranial and spinal nerves

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76
Q

What name is given to the trigeminal nerve?

A

The great sensory nerve of the face

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77
Q

Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory info form the scalp?

A

All 3 divisions: opthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve, and mandibular nerve

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78
Q

Which ventral rami branches supply the scalp?

A

Greater auricular and lesser occipital nerves?

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79
Q

Which ventral rami nerve(s) and cord levels of origin supply the scalp?

A

Greater auricular nerve - C2,C3 ventral rami branches; lesser occipital nerve - C2 (C3) ventral rami branches

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80
Q

Which dorsal ramus nerve branch (name and cord level of origin) supplies the scalp?

A

Greater occipital nerve - C2,C3 communicating ramus

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81
Q

Motor pathways to skeletal muscle derived form the branchial arches are given what name?

A

Branchial efferent (BE) pathways

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82
Q

What type of motor fibers to skeletal muscle are given off by the facial nerve?

A

Branchial efferent (BE)

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83
Q

What are the lymph nodes located along the base of the head collectively called?

A

Collar chain nodes

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84
Q

What is the third layer of the scalp associated with?

A

Muscular component of the scalp

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85
Q

What muscle(s) are specifically associated with the scalp?

A

Frontalis and occipitalis bellies of the epicranius muscle

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86
Q

What is unusual/unique about the muscles of the face?

A

They do not act as lever muscles; they do not attach to bone at both origin and insertion

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87
Q

Which muscles lack any attachment to bone?

A

Orbicularis oris, procerus and risorius

88
Q

Most of the seventh cranial nerve will exit the skull via what opening?

A

The stylomastoid Foramen

89
Q

What is the source of innervation for all muscles of facial expression?

A

Facial nerve branches

90
Q

Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information form the face?

A

All 3 divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular nerve

91
Q

What opening(s) are located along the superior wall of the orbit?

A

Optic canal

92
Q

What is the name given to the medial wall of the orbit?

A

Lamina papyracea

93
Q

What features may be observed on the medial wall of the orbit?

A

Lacrimal groove, fossa for the lacrimal sac, anterior ethmoid Foramen and posterior ethmoid Foramen

94
Q

What opening(S) are located along the lateral wall of the orbit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

95
Q

What opening(s) are located along the inferior wall of the orbit?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

96
Q

Wha tis contained in the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

97
Q

What are the layers of the eyelid?

A

Skin, orbicularis oculi muscle, tarsal plate/tarsus and palpebral conjunctiva

98
Q

What are the names given to the modified sebaceous gland in the tarsus of the eyelid?

A

Tarsal or Meibomian gland

99
Q

What is the function of the Meibomian gland?

A

Produces a thick, hydrophobic substance that prevents tears form overflowing onto the cheeks along the margin of the eyelid

100
Q

What are the names given to the modified sebaceous gland of the palpebra?

A

Tarsal gland or Meibomian glan and ciliary gland

101
Q

What is the name given to the angle formed between the superior and inferior eyelids at their medial and lateral margins?

A

Canthus

102
Q

What is the name given to the elevation at the medial canthus?

A

Lacrimal caruncle

103
Q

What is the crescent-shaped appearance of the conjunctiva at the medial canthus called?

A

Plica semilumaris conjunctiva

104
Q

What feature(S) may be found ar the medial canthus?

A

Epicanthus/epicanthal fold/palpebronasal fold/Mongolian fold, lacrimal caruncle, lacrimal lake and plica semilumaris conjunctiva

105
Q

What is the name given to the opening at the lacrimal papilla?

A

Lacrimal punctum

106
Q

The lacrimal punctum is continuous with what structure?

A

Lacrimal canaliculus

107
Q

What is the drainage pattern of tears?

A

Lacrimal punctum, lacrimal canaliculus, lacrimal sac, nasalacrimal duct, and inferior nasal meatus

108
Q

Visceral Efferent (VE) pathways innervate what structures?

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glandular tissues

109
Q

What specific pathways are IDed with Visceral Efferent (VE) innervation?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic motor pathways

110
Q

Which cranial nerves are involved in the Visceral Efferent (VE) parasympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

Facial and trigeminal (maxillary and ophthalmic divisions/branches)

111
Q

Visceral efferent fibers conveyed in the 7th CN originate from which nucleus?

A

Superior salivatory nucleus

112
Q

Preganglionic visceral efferent fibers of cranial nerve VII will exit the pons in what nerve?

A

Nervus intermedius, nerve of Wrisberg, sensory root of facial nerve

113
Q

What are the names of the ganglion of synapse in the efferent pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion, sphenopalatine ganglion, Meckel’s ganglion

114
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation of blood vessels in the lacrimal gland will result in what events?

A

Vasodilatation of blood vessels, increased availability of water to secretory units, thinner or more watery product in lumen

115
Q

The sympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland will involve what neural components?

A

Spinal nerves Nasdaq a neurovascular plexus around blood vessels

116
Q

What is the origin for the sympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

Lateral horn/intermedia lateral cell column T1,T2

117
Q

What is the target of the preganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fiber in the pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

The VE fiber ascends to the superior cervical ganglion to synapse

118
Q

What is the pathway for the psotganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fiber to the lacrimal gland?

A

It joins internal carotid artery neurovascular plexus and continues along the ophthalmic artery to the lacrimal gland where it synapses

119
Q

Sympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland will result in what events?

A

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels, limited availability of water to secretory units, more viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen

120
Q

What are the names of the layers of the eyeball?

A

Fibrous tunic, uveal tract and retina

121
Q

What are the parts of the fibrous tunic of the eyeball?

A

Cornea and sclera

122
Q

What are the parts o the uveal tract of the eyeball?

A

Iris, ciliary body, choroid and pupil

123
Q

What muscles are present in the iris?

A

Sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae

124
Q

What is the innervation of the sphincter pupillae?

A

Oculomotor nerve, parasympathetic pathway

125
Q

What is the innervation of the ciliaris muscle?

A

Oculomotor nerve, parasympathetic pathway

126
Q

What are the receptor neurons of the second cranial nerve?

A

Rod and cone photoreceptor cells

127
Q

Wha tis the function of the rod cell?

A

Provide vision in dim light conditions

128
Q

What is the functions of the cone cell?

A

Provide vision in bright light conditions and mediate color vision

129
Q

What is the most numerous photoreceptor cell?

A

Rod cell

130
Q

What forms the optic nerve?

A

Axons of ganglion cells

131
Q

What is the location of the anterior chamber of the eyebal?

A

Between the cornea and iris

132
Q

What is the location of the posterior chamber of the eyeball?

A

Between the iris and lens

133
Q

What is contained in the anterior chamber of the eyeball?

A

Aqueous humor

134
Q

Which type of vision is accomplished by action of the ciliaris muscle?

A

Near vision

135
Q

What is the name given to the chamber behind the lens?

A

Vitreous chamber

136
Q

What is the location of the vitreous chamber?

A

Behind the lens, in front of the retina

137
Q

What fills the vitreous chamber?

A

Vitreous body

138
Q

What is the common characteristic regarding the insertion of both oblique extraoccular muscles?

A

Both insert onto sclera on the lateral margin of the eyeball behind the coronal equator

139
Q

What is the common characteristic concerning the insertion of the superior and inferior Rectus extraoccular muscles?

A

They insert onto the sclera of the eyeball in front of the coronal equator and are displaced slightly medially

140
Q

Motor pathways to skeletal muscle derived from the somites are given what name?

A

Somatic efferent (SE) pathways

141
Q

What is the embryonic origin of the extraoccular muscles or extrinsic muscles of the eyeball?

A

The skeletal muscle is derived from the somites hence somatic efferent (SE)

142
Q

Which nerves will innervate specific extrinsic/extraoccular muscles?

A

Occulmotor- superior Rectus, medial Rectus, inferior Rectus, and inferior oblique; trochlear - superior oblique; abducens/abducent - lateral Rectus

143
Q

Which extrinsic muscle(s) of the eye is/are innervated by the III CN?

A

Medial, inferior, superior Rectus and inferior oblique

144
Q

Somatic efferent fibers form the left nucleus of the fourth CN will have an apparent origin form which side?

A

The right side

145
Q

What are the two unique features of the IV CN?

A

It is the only cranial with an apparent origin form the dorsal surface of the brain; its the only cranial efferent nerve to decussate within the midbrain from its nucleus

146
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by with Visceral Effernet (VE) pathways?

A

Ciliaris and sphincter pupillae are innervated by parasympathetic a; dilator pupillae is innervated by sympathetics

147
Q

Which Visceral Efferent (VE) pathway is conveyed in the third cranial nerve?

A

A parasympathetic motor pathway

148
Q

ID the components of the area sympathetic efferent pathway of the 3rd cranial nerve beginning with the nucleus of origin and continuing to the target organ(s).

A

Accessory nucleus of Edlinger/Westphal, preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers, oculomotor nerve, ciliary ganglion synapse, postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers, short ciliary nerves, sphincter pupillae & ciliaris muscles; synapse

149
Q

What is the location of the synapse for preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers of the third cranial nerve?

A

Ciliary ganglion

150
Q

Which branch of the internal carotid artery supplies the orbit?

A

Ophthalmic artery

151
Q

What is unique about the vascular supply of the retina?

A

A single vessel supplies it

152
Q

What vessel supplies the inner tunic of the eyeball?

A

Central artery of the retina

153
Q

Which branches of the nasociliary nerve will edit the medial wall of the orbit?

A

Anterior ethmoidal and posterior ethmoidal nerves

154
Q

What is the rounded outer rim of the auricle called?

A

The helix

155
Q

The depression under the rim of the helix of the external ear is called?

A

Scaphoid fossa

156
Q

What is formed between the crura of the anti helix of the external ear?

A

Triangular fossa

157
Q

What feature is between the inferior crus of the anithelix adds the helix of the auricle?

A

Cymba concha

158
Q

What is the name given to the “goats beard” of the auricle?

A

Tragus

159
Q

What is the name of the rounded elevation superior to the lobule of the auricle?

A

Antitragus

160
Q

What is the name given to the palpable posterior projection corresponding to the triangular fossa of the auricle?

A

Eminentia triangularis

161
Q

What is the name given to the palpable posterior projection corresponding to the concha of the auricle?

A

Eminentia concha

162
Q

What is the name of the palpable posterior projection of the eminentia concha of the auricle?

A

Ponticulus

163
Q

ID the extrinsic muscle of the auricle.

A

The anterior, superior & posterior auricular and temporopariettalis

164
Q

Which cranial nerve will innervate the muscles of the auricle?

A

The facial nerve

165
Q

Which branches of the external carotid artery supply the auricle?

A

Occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal arteries….OPS

166
Q

Sensory innervation of the auricle is derived form which nerves?

A

Greater auricular (ventral rami C2, C3), lesser occipital nerve (ventral rami C2, possibly C3), auriculotemporal (mandibular division, trigeminal), posterior auricular cutaneous nerve (facial), auricular nerve (vagus)

167
Q

The lateral 3rd of the external acoustic meatus is protected by
_____.

A

Cartilage

168
Q

What part of the external acoustic meatus is protected by bone?

A

The medial 2/3

169
Q

Skin lining the external acoustic meatus contains what modified sebaceous glands?

A

Ceruminous glands

170
Q

Vascularization of the external acoustic meatus is derived from which branch(es) of the external carotid artery?

A

Posterior auricular artery, internal maxillary artery, superficial a temporal artery … PIS

171
Q

Sensory innervation form the external acoustic meatus is carried in which cranial nerves?

A

Trigeminal and vagus nerves

172
Q

What are the characteristics of the parotid gland?

A

It is lobulated, yellowish, encapsulated and an exocrine gland

173
Q

What muscle will the parotid gland duct/Stensen’s duct open into?

A

The buccinator

174
Q

What vein is formed within the parotid gland?

A

The retro mandibular vein

175
Q

Within the parotid gland what does the facial nerve form?

A

The facial nerve plexus

176
Q

What branch of the facial nerve penetrates the parotid gland, but is not given off within it?

A

The chorda tympani nerve

177
Q

What cranial nerves will be utilized in parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland?

A

The glossopharyngeal and trigeminal nerves

178
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers from the 9th CN will synapse in which ganglion?

A

Otic ganglion or Arnold’s ganglion

179
Q

What forms the floor of the temporal region?

A

Pterion (sphenoid, parietal, temporal, frontal bones)

180
Q

The temporal is muscle is innervated by which specific branch(es) of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves (mandibular division)

181
Q

What are the contents of the infra temporal region?

A

Media & lateral pterygoid muscles, inter annul maxillary artery & branches, pterygoid venous plexus, internal maxillary vein, branches of the trigeminal & facial nerves, and the otic ganglion

182
Q

ID the muscles of mastication.

A

Temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid

183
Q

Which parasympathetic ganglion is located in the infra temporal region?

A

The otic ganglion

184
Q

The otic ganglion is an example of what type of ganglion?

A

Parasympathetic motor ganglion

185
Q

The otic ganglion is part of the neural pathway to what target organ?

A

The parotid gland

186
Q

What joint classifications of the temporomandibular joint/

A

Complex joint, synovial (diarthrosis) condylar, synovial (diarthrosis) bicondylar, synovial (diarthrosis) arthrodia and synovial (diarthrosis) ginglymus

187
Q

What are the attachment sites of the stylomandibular ligament?

A

Styloid process of the temporal bone to the angle of the mandible

188
Q

What are the attachment sites of the sphenomandibular ligament?

A

The spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula of the mandible

189
Q

What does the sphenomandibular ligament represent?

A

A remnant of Meckel’s cartilage of the first branchial arch

190
Q

What muscles act to depress the mandible or open the mouth?

A

Lateral pterygoid along with the supra hyoid and infra hyoid muscle

191
Q

What muscles act to retract the mandible or pull the chin back?

A

Temporalis

192
Q

Which ganglion is the largest parasympathetic ganglion of the head?

A

The sphenopalatine, pterygopalatine or Meckel’s ganglion

193
Q

What neural pathway is the pterygopalatine/sphenopalatine ganglion associated with?

A

Parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland

194
Q

What is the name given to the space between the lips and teeth?

A

The labial vestibule

195
Q

What is the name given to the space between the cheeks and the teeth?

A

The buccal vestibule

196
Q

What is the name given to the junction between the skin and the red region of the lip?

A

The vermillion border

197
Q

What is unique about the human lips?

A

The natural red color

198
Q

What is the name given to the median depression of the upper lip?

A

The philtrum

199
Q

What is the name given to the red region of the human lip?

A

The vermilion zone

200
Q

What is the name give to the depression extending form the nasal ala to the corner of the upper lip?

A

The nasolabial groove or the nasolabial sulcus

201
Q

What is the name given to the horizontal furrow between the lower lip and the chin?

A

The mentolabial groove

202
Q

What is the name given to the union o fate upper and lower lip at the corner of the mouth?

A

The labial commisssure

203
Q

What is the name given to the attaching material in the median plane form the lip to the gingiva proper?

A

The superior labial frenulum or the inferior labial frenulum

204
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

A line drawn along the lesser wing of the sphenoid, anterior clinoid processes, and sphenoidal jugum

205
Q

Meningeal nerves in the Foramen magnum are derived from which cord levels?

A

C1-C3 cord levels

206
Q

What is the ciliary gland?

A

The modified sebaceous glands at the base of the eyelash

207
Q

What is the name given to the inner mucous membrane of the eyelid?

A

Palpebral conjunctiva

208
Q

What is an/a epicanthus/epicanthal/palpebronasal fold, Mongolian fold?

A

Tissue forming the rounded margin of the medial canthus

209
Q

What is the name given to the slit-like opening formed between the eyelids?

A

Palpebral fissure

210
Q

What is the name given to the elevation at the medial margin of the eyelid?

A

Superior lacrimal papilla or inferior lacrimal papilla

211
Q

What is the primary afferent neuron of the 2nd cranial nerve?

A

Bipolar cell

212
Q

The rounded inner rim of the external ear is called the _____.

A

Antihelix

213
Q

The anithelix of the exeternal ear divides to form the _______.

A

Superior crus and inferior crus of the antihelix

214
Q

What cranial nerves are involved in the parasympathetic pathway to the submandibular glands?

A

Branches of the facial nerve and the mandibular division of the trigeminal

215
Q

Which branch of the 7th cranial nerve will convey preganglionic parasympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fibers from the temporal bone in the pathway to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands?

A

Chorda tympani nerve

216
Q

Which cranial nerve contains the nucleus of origin for the parasymphatic pathway to the parotid gland?

A

The glossopharyngeal nerve

Spinal (47 decks)

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