Chapter 11.1

Question 1

Where does an organism get its unique characteristics?

Answer 1

An individuals characteristics are determined by factors that are passed from one parental generation to the next.

Question 2

How are different forms of a gene distributed to offspring?

Answer 2

During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Question 3

Genetics

Answer 3

the scientific study of heredity

Question 4

Fertilization

Answer 4

During sexual reproduction, the joining of male and female reproductive cells (sperms and eggs).

Question 5

Trait

Answer 5

A specific characteristic, such as seed color or plant height, of an individual

Question 6

Hybrid

Answer 6

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Question 7

Gene

Answer 7

The area of DNA that codes for specific proteins that produce a trait.

Question 8

Allele

Answer 8

The different forms of a gene

Question 9

Principle of Dominance

Answer 9

Mendel’s Second Conclusion: alleles are dominant or recessive. If a dominant allele is present, then recessive traits will not be expressed. If dominant is present, it will produce that dominant trait.

Question 10

Segregation

Answer 10

Separation of alleles

Question 11

Gametes

Answer 11

Sex cells (which have a haploid number) of the male and female