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System Screenings I > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

What are three difference in skin of older adults?

A
  1. Drier (oil and sweat gland activity decreases)
  2. Epidermis becomes thinner
  3. Dermis becomes less elastic and shrinks (wrinkles and loss of turgor)
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2
Q

What is the normal nail base angle? what is angle of clubbing?

A

160; 180+

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3
Q

What is clubbing associated with?

A

Respiratory and CV diseases (often seen in CF)

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4
Q

In a Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, what is the common threshold indicating disease?

A

5.07

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5
Q

What are the S&S of skin disease?

A
  1. Pruritus (itching)
  2. Urticaria (hives)
  3. Rash
  4. Blister
  5. Xeroderma (rough, dry skin)
  6. Unusual spots, moles nodules, cysts
  7. Changes in appearance of nails
  8. changes in skin color, turgor, texture
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6
Q

What should be included in documentation of skin lesions?

A
  1. Size
  2. Pattern,
  3. Pain
  4. Tenderness
  5. Itching
  6. Area of the body
  7. Drainage (color, amount)
  8. Temp of the skin
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7
Q

General term to describe superficial inflammation of the skin; can be acute, subacute, or chronic stages

A

Dermatitis

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8
Q

Type of dermatitis with superficial inflammation of the skin

A

Eczema

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9
Q

Type of dermatitis due to something physical causing the symptoms; exposure to chemicals

A

Contact dermatitis

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10
Q

Type of dermatitis that is chronic

A

Atopic dermatitis

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11
Q

Chronic facial disorder; variation of acne; occurs on cheeks, nose and chin; possibly linked to GI bacteria

A

Rosacea

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12
Q

What are the types of skin infection?

A
  1. Bacterial
  2. Viral
  3. Fungal
  4. Parasitic
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13
Q

Superficial skin infection caused by staph or strep; spread by direct contact or environmental contamination; symptoms include macule –> Vesicles –> Pustules, which creates a thick yellow crust

A

Impetigo (treated with oral antibiotics)

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14
Q

What are the 2 common bacterial skin infections?

A
  1. Impetigo

2. Cellulitis

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15
Q

Acute inflammation of skin and underlying tissue with skin infection; spreads rapidly, often in extremities; usually staph; occurs in older adults. diabetes, malnutrition, steroid therapy, presence of wounds; erythema, edema, tenderness symptoms

A

Cellulitis (treated with IV antibiotics)

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16
Q

What are 2 common viral skin infections?

A
  1. Herpes Zoster (shingles)

2. Warts (verrucae)

17
Q

Skin infection where intracellular parasites invade host cells; epidural cells react with inflammation and vesiculation

A

Viral infections

18
Q

Reactive of varicella zoster virus during immunocompromised or stressful state; unilateral presentation in a dermatome; painful rash with blisters and postherpatic neuralgia

A

Herpes Zoster or “shingles”

19
Q

What is herpes zoster a contraindication for?

A

Heat or ultrasound

20
Q

Skin infection caused by HPVs

A

Warts or verrucae (treated with cryotherapy, OTC salicylic acid, curettage)

21
Q

What are 2 common types of fungal skin infections?

A
  1. Tinea corporis (ringworm)

2. Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)

22
Q

If tine pedis is not treated, what can it turn into?

A

Cellulitis of the lower leg

23
Q

What are 2 common types of parasitic infections?

A
  1. Scabies

2. Pediculosis (lice)

24
Q

Highly contagious skin eruption caused by mites; rapidly spread but response is 30-60 days after contact; occurs in webspace, wrist, axilla, genitalia, umbilicus

A

Scabies

25
Q

What is the most common cancer in women 25-29 years of age?

A

Melanoma

26
Q

What are the 2 benign tumors?

A
  1. Seborrheic Keroatosis

2. Nevi

27
Q

Tumor; proliferation of basal cells; waxy, smooth, or raised; vary in color

A

Seborrheic Keroatosis

28
Q

Tumor; cafe-au-lait spots, mongolian spots, moles

A

Nevi tumor

29
Q

What is the type of premalignant skin cancer?

A

Actinic keratosis

30
Q

Occurs as a result to UV rays in areas exposed to the sun; red blotchy in color; almost 100% of older caucasians will get this; half of skin cancer starts as this, then progresses to something else

A

Actinic keratosis

31
Q

What are the 3 malignant tumor types?

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma
  2. Squamos cell carcinoma
  3. Malignant melanoma
32
Q

Slow growing epithelial tumor; rarely metastasizes; due to prolonged sun exposure; pearly or ivory appearance with rolled edges; type seen in people <40

A

Basal cell carcinoma

33
Q

Epidermal keratinocytes tumor; due to sun-damaged skin; poorly defined margins, red to flesh colored surrounded by scaly tissue

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

34
Q

Neoplasm of melanocytes; 4 types; nearly 100% curable if detected early; can spread quickly; brown or black raised patch with irregular borders

A

Malignant melanoma

35
Q

Cancer that develops from the cells that line lymph or blood vessels; common in those with HIV/AIDS and kidney transplants due to being immunosuppressed; red, purple, or dark blue patches enlarge to become nodules or ulcers

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma (treated with chemo)

36
Q

What are the 3 immune disorder that cause skin abnormalities?

A
  1. Psoriasis
  2. Lupus Erythematous
  3. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
37
Q

Chronic inherited, noninfectious, recurrent inflammation; well-defined erythematous plaques covered with silvery scale

A

Psoriasis (tx = topical creams, ointments, light therapy)

38
Q

Chronic inflammatory disorder of connective tissue; butterfly rash is common

A

Lupus Erythematous (tx = topical creams, ointments and light therapy)

39
Q

Chronic diffuse connective tissue disease causing fibrosis (tightening) of skin, blood vessels, organs; can be systemic or localized; overproduction and accumulation of collagen in body tissue; pain stiffness, color changes, edema of fingers and joints; taut, shiny skin over hand and forearm

A

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) (no cure; medication to help control symptoms)

System Screenings I (23 decks)

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