Parathyroid and Caclium Flashcards
What are the s/s of hypocalcemia
muscle cramping, paresthesias, chvostek and trousseau signs, arrhythmia, diarrhea, abdominal pain
What is Chvostek sign?
twitching of facial muscles after tapping over area of facial nerve
What is trousseau sign?
forearm muscles go into spasm after a few minutes of blood pressure cuff being inflated
What are the s/s of hypercalcemia?
Stones: Kidney stones
Bones: Painful bones and fxs
Abdominal groans: Constipation
Psychic moans: Weakness, fatigue, depression
How is hypocalemia treated?
Calcium glutinate IV, PO calcium and Vit D
How is hypercalcemia treated?
IV saline → Furosemide
can add biphosphonates and calcitonin
What causes hyperparathyroidism?
parathyroid adenoma, CKD
What is the presentation of a patient with hyperparathyroidism?
Stones, bones, abdominal groans, psychic moans
How is hyperparathyroidism corrected?
parathyroidectomy, Vit D and Ca supplementation
What causes hypoparathyroidism?
Accidental damage, removal of parathyroid gland, autoimmune destruction
What are the s/s of hypoparathyroidism?
Hypocalcemia: Paresthesias, trousseau and Chvostek sign
What is the triad for diagnosing hypoparathyroidism?
Decreased Ca, decreased intact PTH, increased phosphate
How is hypoparathyroidism treated?
Ca supplementation with Vit D
