Chapter 12 and 14 : White Blood Cells and Platelets

Question 1

What are Leukocytes

Answer 1

Blood cells specialized to fight infections

Question 2

The 2 types of leukocytes

Answer 2

Granulocytes and Argranulocytes

Question 3

What is a Granulocyte

Answer 3

Granulated cytoplasm, ive about 12 hours

Question 4

What is a Neutrophil

Answer 4

54-62% of WBC, Phagocytize small particles, mobile, arrive 1st to an injury

Question 5

What is Eosinophil

Answer 5

2-4% of WBC, phagocytize parasites, debris, and control inflammation by removing irritants (parasites and allergens)

Question 6

What is Basophil

Answer 6

less than 1% of WBC, release heparin (anticoagulent - that keeps blood from clotting) and histamine (increases blood flow to injured tissue = inflammation)

Question 7

What is heparin

Answer 7

anticoagulent - that keeps blood from clotting

Question 8

What is histamine

Answer 8

increases blood flow to injured tissue = inflammation

Question 9

What are agranulocytes

Answer 9

Non-granulated cytoplasm, live anywhere from few days to a lifetime

Question 10

Types of granulocytes

Answer 10

Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil

Question 11

Types of agranulocytes

Answer 11

Monocyte

Lymphocyte

Question 12

What are Monoctyes

Answer 12

3-9% of WBC, phagocytize large particles, live weeks/months

Question 13

When monoctyes enter tissues to fight infection they are called

Answer 13

Macrophages

Question 14

What are Lymphocytes

Answer 14

25-33% of WBC, immunity protection (lie dormant until contact with specific infectious agent) i.e. tetanus, measles, chicken pox, then begin releasing specific antibodies to destroy the infectious agent

Question 15

Agranulocyte (B cells)

Answer 15

Produced in bone marrow

Question 16

Agranulocyte (T cells)

Answer 16

Produced by thymus gland (destroyed by AIDS virus)

Question 17

Platelets

Answer 17

also known as Thrombocytes, small fragments of a megakaryocyte cell formed in red bone marrow

Question 18

Platelets are capable of

Answer 18

amoeboid movement

Question 19

Platelets (Physically)

Answer 19

Lack a nucleus, 1/2 the size of a RBC, live about 10 days

Question 20

Platelets (Function)

Answer 20

To close small breaks in blood vessels and initiate coagulation by releasing prothrombin activator

Question 21

Coagulation

Answer 21

Clotting

Question 22

Hemostasis

Answer 22

Stoppage of bleeding

Question 23

Hemostasis Phase 1 - Platelet Plug Formation Phase

Answer 23

• Prothrombin activator is released by platelets

- Ca+, Vitamin K, tissue factors, PF3 and Prothrombin activator combine to convert prothrombin into thrombin

Question 24

Difference between prothrombin and thrombin

Answer 24

thrombin is the active form of prothrombin

Question 25

Hemostasis Phase 2 - Vasospasm

Answer 25

• Damage to the blood vessel

- Serotonin is released to constrict walls of the vessel

Question 26

Hemostasis Phase 3 - Coagulation

Answer 26

Thrombin converts dormant fibrinogen into fibrin

Fibrin forms a web that begins catching blood cells eventually forming a clot that will stop blood flow to that area