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CTC Bio 1107 > Chapter 6 : Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 6 : Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Integumentary System

A 
Protective Covering 
Control Body Temperature 
Manufactures Vitamin D 
Major Sense Organ 
Storage 
Filter 
Absorption/Excretion
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2
Q

Protective Covering

A

Skin provides a protective covering for the body’s underlying tissues from dehydration (retards water loss), injury, and germ invasion

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3
Q

Control Body Temperature

A

The skin controls body temperature to maintain homeostasis

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4
Q

How it controls body temperature

A

Acts as an insulator
Shivering
Sweating

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5
Q

Shivering

A

Contraction of muscles to create heat and pulls skin inward to conserve heat

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6
Q

Sweating

A

Water loss onto the skin/when evaporates - cools the body

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7
Q

Manufactures Vitamin D

A

Ultraviolet light from the sun strikes the skin and begins the first steps of vitamin D synthesis

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8
Q

Vitamin D is needed for

A

Calcium absorption in the small intestine

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9
Q

Calcium is needed for

A

Muscle contraction, nerve impulses, bone hardening, and proper tooth development

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10
Q

Major Sense Organ

A

Sense of touch through nerve endings win skin

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11
Q

Storage

A

The skin has the capability to temporarily store fat, glucose, salts, and water

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12
Q

Filter

A

The skin filters out harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun

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13
Q

Absorption/Excretion

A

The skin is very vascular with many capillary beds in the dermis just below the thin epidermis this allows it to absorb certain substances and excrete small amounts of waste through sweat

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14
Q

Epidermis composed of

A

Stratified squamous epithelial tissue

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15
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Outer most layer of epidermis (part we can see)

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16
Q

Stratum Corneum function

A

Gives skin tough protective barrier and water resistance

17
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

Where Keratinization process begins

18
Q

Keratinization

A

The cytoplasm of the outermost cells harden with the protein keratin causing the cells to die

19
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

Contains young cells awaiting keratinization and melanocytes

20
Q

Melanoctyes

A

Branching cells within the stratum spinosum that produce melanin (a pigment that give the skin and hair its color)

21
Q

Melanin

A

Functions to absorb UV rays to protect the replicating DNA of the cells below (interruption of DNA replication may cause the newly forming cells to become cancerous)

22
Q

Stratum Basale aka

A

Germinativum

23
Q

Stratum Basale

A

Layer where mitosis happens to replace dead cells lost from the stratum corneum

24
Q

Basement Membrane

A

Innermost layer of epidermis that is composed of a series of interconnecting molecules that act as hooks to hold the skin together

25
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Is an additional layer located just below the stratum corneum making the skin thicker only on the palms and soles

26
Q

Dermis

A

Inner layer of skin composed of dense connective tissue

27
Q

Blood vessels of the dermal layer

A

Supply nourishment and oxygen to the skin cells as well as take away cellular wastes
- lead to capillary beds just below the epidermis

28
Q

Nerve endings of the dermal layer

A

Send information to and from the brain to control the sensations of touch and release of secretions from glands

29
Q

Arrector Pili Muscles of the dermal layer

A

Smooth muscle that is attached to hair follicles and allowing contraction of the skin and hair for temperature control

30
Q

Hair Follicles of the dermal layer

A

Canal containing the growing “alive” area of the hair

31
Q

Sabaceous Glands of the dermal layer

A

Produce sebum to moisturize the skin and trap microbes before the enter the skin

32
Q

Sudoriferous Glands of the dermis

A

Secrete sweat, a mixture of water, water, salts, and some toxins, to control body temperature

33
Q

Hair Shaft of the dermal layer

A

Portion of the hair that project out from hair follicle and the epidermis

34
Q

Dermal Papillae of the dermal layer

A

Raised layers of the dermis push the epidermis into permanent ridges creating fingerprints

35
Q

Fingerprints Function

A

Used for gripping objects

36
Q

Creases

A

Formed from continual folding of skin

37
Q

Hypodermis (Subcutaneous) Layer

A

Deepest layer of the integumentary system composed of tissue

38
Q

Hypodermis contains

A

about 1/2 of the bodies fat content

39
Q

Hypodermis provides

A

a cushion, insulation, and a connection to the muscles under the skin

CTC Bio 1107 (49 decks)

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