Test Your Knowledge 5

Question 1

The head of the pancreas is located adjacent to the duodenum, somewhat centrally behind the stomach and more to the ___ side of the body

A. Left
B. Right

Answer 1

B. Right

Question 2

Glucagon _______ blood glucose levels
A. Increases
B. Decreases

Answer 2

A. Increases

Question 3

Glucagon inhibits insulin
A. True
B. False

Answer 3

B. False

*Insulin inhibits glucagon

Question 4

You can only have one type of diabetes, either type 1 or type 2

A. True
B. False

Answer 4

B. False

You can have a combo

Question 5

The brain is dependent on insulin for a steady supply of glucose

A. True
B. False

Answer 5

B. False

*not directly insulin dependent - the brain has GLUT1 transporters

Question 6

What are the 3 main roles of insulin?

Answer 6

1. Help muscle, fat, and liver cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream
2. Stimulate the liver and muscle tissue to store excess glucose in the form of glycogen
3. Lower blood glucose levels by reducing glucose production in the liver

Question 7

John is an insulin-dependent diabetic. He has not taken a shot this morning, but says that he “ate a little something” for breakfast. He starts exercising and soon is complaining of blurred vision and extreme fatigue. Why will he have a strong, fruity breath odor, and what is happening metabolically in his body?

Answer 7

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis

2. When insulin isn’t available, fats are used for metabolism. The byproduct of ketone bodies causes decreased pH

Question 8

What do you think his blood glucose would be, if tested?

Answer 8

Very high - over 250 most likely

Question 9

Susie also shows up to exercise, but she has an insulin pump and has had a meal. She does a finger-stick test, and her blood sugar is 230 mg/dL. She says she feels fine. Is she safe to exercise? Why?

Answer 9

A. Yes
B. Over 250 or higher is a caution zone - blood sugar may be too high for a person to exercise safely. Before exercising, test your urine for ketones. The presence of ketones indicates that your body doesn’t have enough insulin to control your blood sugar

Question 10

Fred is also part of the group, and his finger stick shows 80 mg/dL. Should he exercise? If not, what can he do?

Answer 10

A. Lower than 100 - should not exercise

B. He can eat a snack and see if it increases

Question 11

Who is at the greatest risk for ketoacidosis?

A. Type 1 diabetic with HbA1c level of 8.5%
B. Type 2 diabetic with HbA1c level of 8.5%
C. Type 1 diabetic with HbA1c level of 6.5%
D. Type 2 diabetic with HbA1c level of 6.5%

Answer 11

A. Type 1 diabetic with HbA1c level of 8.5%

Question 12

Ketoacidosis and type II diabetes

Answer 12

Rare

Question 13

You place a hot pack on Mrs. Jones’ back as part of her tx for LBP. She has an insulin pump on her lower left abdomen. Will the hot pack interfere with insulin absorption? Why or why not?

Answer 13

• No
• They are on opposite sides so will have no play
• Heating modalities increase absorption speed of insulin from subcutaneous sites - would alter if it was right over the pump

Question 14

When insulin levels in the blood rise, this means that glucose is getting into the cells
A. True
B. False

Answer 14

B. False

*may be insulin resistant

Question 15

Some glucose in the urine is normal

A. True
B. False

Answer 15

B. False

Question 16

The first medication usually tried in tx of DM II is

A. Insulin
B. Metformin
C. Stevia
D. Xylitol

Answer 16

B. Metformin

Question 17

Metabolic syndrome may include

A. Elevated C-reactive protein
B. Insulin resistance, but not glucose intolerance
C. Hypotension
D. Subcutaneous fat deposits

Answer 17

A. Elevated C-reactive protein

Question 18

Metabolic acidosis may be caused by

A. Excessive nausea, vomiting
B. Respiratory suctioning
C. Smoke inhalation
D. Fever

Answer 18

C. Smoke inhalation

Question 19

Gout is a genetic disorder

A. True
B. False

Answer 19

A. True

*inherited purine metabolism disorder