Misc

Question 1

What is recovery position

Answer 1

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/f0/28/7a/f0287ad6e74041a1d89b4ea5f68a396b.jpg

Like your sleep

Question 2

what is the brain cortex

Answer 2

it is the outer layer of the brain which is separated by the longitudinal fissure (which separates brain into 2 hemispheres)

Question 3

Defective downward gaze and vertical diplopia

Answer 3

CN IV palsy

Question 4

A ‘down and out’ eye

Answer 4

CN III palsy

Question 5

Medication to stop when there is AKI

Answer 5

NSAIDs
Aminoglycosides
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Diuretics

Question 6

Common symptoms in renal and Urinary tract disease

Answer 6

Dysuria

Haematuria

Loin pain

Oliguria

Anuria

Polyuria

Nocturia

Frequency

Urinary incontinence

Protein urea

HTN

Oedema

Question 7

Causes of postural hypotension

Answer 7

Drugs: alpha blockers, diuretics, dopamine agonists. tricyclic antidepressants.

Dehydration

Prolonged bed rest/ deconditioning

DM

Parkinson’s

HTN

chronic renal failure

Aortic stenosis

Vericose veins

Question 8

Need to understand

Answer 8

how common is it?
 who does it affect?
 what causes it?
 what risk factors are there (and how can they be reduced)?
 how does it present? What symptoms should you look out for?
 what signs may the patient have on examination?
 which other conditions might present similarly?
 how would you investigate this patient?
 what would you tell the patient and how would you explain the condition to them?
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 how do you think the patient and/or family might be affected by the diagnosis? Will it affect their
ability to work/care for themselves?
 what questions are they likely to have?
 what treatment/s (surgical, pharmacological and non-pharmacological) would you discuss with
them? What risks and benefits of treatment are there?
 What other health care professionals might be involved in their care?

Question 9

What is perimenopause

Answer 9

The period of a woman’s life shortly before the beginning of menopause

Question 10

BeriBeri disease

Answer 10

vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency in alcoholics

Question 11

Paracatemol overdose

Answer 11

assess plasma concentration levels on the monogram and check whether n-acetylcysteine is required

Give activated charcoal to prevent absorption of paracetamol while waiting for paracetamol levels

if the dose of paracatemol is uncertain or presented more than 8h after ovedose commence treatment with n-acetylcysteine without waiting for paracatemol levels

Question 12

cranial nerves

Answer 12

I Olfactory Nerve Smell

II Optic Nerve Vision

III Oculomotor Nerve Eye movement; pupil constriction

IV Trochlear Nerve Eye movement

V Trigeminal Nerve Somatosensory information (touch, pain) from the face and head; muscles for chewing.

VI Abducens Nerve Eye movement

VII Facial Nerve Taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue); somatosensory information from ear; controls muscles used in facial expression.

VIII Vestibulocochlear Nerve Hearing; balance

IX Glossopharyngeal Nerve Taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue); Somatosensory information from tongue, tonsil, pharynx; controls some muscles used in swallowing.

X Vagus Nerve Sensory, motor and autonomic functions of viscera (glands, digestion, heart rate)

XI Spinal Accessory Nerve Controls muscles used in head movement.

XII Hypoglossal Nerve Controls muscles of tongue

Question 13

Picture of grades of HTN retinopathy

Answer 13

https://image.slidesharecdn.com/hypertensiveretinopathy-150608041525-lva1-app6891/95/hypertensive-retinopathy-7-638.jpg?cb=1433737101

Question 14

Picture of normal fundus vs papilloedema

Answer 14

http://jamanetwork.com/data/Journals/JAMA/926954/jrc130002f2.png

Question 15

Causes of Falls

Answer 15

Vaso-vagal event - Hypotension
Seizures
Syncope - Hypotension
Drugs
Mechanical
Hypoglycaemia

Question 16

what is mydriasis

Answer 16

pupil dilation