Drugs

Question 1

Penicillin resistance comes from bacteria that contain what enzyme?

Answer 1

Beta-lactamarse

Question 2

what does MOA of amoxicillin do?

Answer 2

Disrupts cell wall, & inhibits cross-linking between peptidoglycan chains for gram (+)/(-)

Question 3

why doesn’t Amphotericin B work against bacteria?

Answer 3

Ergosterol (fungi have in cell wall, bacteria don’t)

Question 4

Polyene anti-fungal are specific to fungus because?

Answer 4

it attacks the sterol that are present in fungi but not bacteria

Question 5

Describe Aminoglycosides

Answer 5

binds to 30s ribosomes & inhibitsmRNA translation (protein synthesis, bactericidal)

Question 6

What don’t you treat patients with penicillin & erythromycin?

Answer 6

Penicillin only works on growing cells

Question 7

Describe Flurouracil

Answer 7

a pyrimidine analog, anti-neoplastic, interferes w/ DNA synthesis by blocking thymidylate synthetase conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid

Question 8

Describe Naproxen (Aleve)

Answer 8

a reversible non-seclutive COX inhibitor that is more potent than aspirin

Question 9

What medication blocks prostaglandins

Answer 9

Aspirin

Question 10

what does Aspirin do?

Answer 10

irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX 1 & 2) to decrease formation of precursor for Thromboxane A2 (a platelet aggregator that is released by blood platelets) & prostaglandins

Question 11

Lab test for warfarin?

Answer 11

Prothrombin test (increases)

Question 12

characteristics of Warfarin

Answer 12

anticoagulant, inhibits vitamin K reductase –> affecting extrinsic pathways & prothrombin conversion so (increase) prothrombin time (normal PPT & bleeding time) HAEMOPHILA HAS INCREASED

Question 13

Sulfonamides compete with which molecule in their mechanism of action?

Answer 13

PABA to inhibit folic acid synthes therfore cannot make purines or pyrimidines

Question 14

Sulfonamidies block dihydrofolate & block what?

Answer 14

Purine & pyrimidines synthesis

Question 15

Detergent kills bacteria by interfering with what?

Answer 15

the function of the cell membrane (destroy fatty cell parts)

Question 16

MOA of _______ is inhibition of Na/K ATPase that causes an increase in inracelluar Na levels

Answer 16

digoxin

Question 17

What medication is a DNA gyrase inhibitor?

Answer 17

Ciprofloxacin

Question 18

Fluroquinolone end in what?

Answer 18

-oxacins

Question 19

MOA of clindamycin?

Answer 19

inhibits 50s ribosome

Question 20

Main side effect of clindamycin

Answer 20

pseudomembranous colitis (diarrhea)

Question 21

Rifampin works as a _________

Answer 21

RNA synthesis Inhibitor TX of TB

Question 22

Rifampin inhibits DNA-dependent _________ which stops mRNA transcription

Answer 22

RNA-Polymerase

Question 23

What is the most common bacterial vaccine given in the US?

Answer 23

DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis)

Question 24

What is the vaccine for Bordertella pertussis (whopping cough)?

Answer 24

Killed vaccine

Question 25

Liven attenuated vaccine (ex: Polio sabin vaccine) is ___________

Answer 25

active immunity

Question 26

Sabin (oral/attenuated/ alive) vs saIK(injection of killed bacteria)

Answer 26

Polio vaccines

Question 27

MOA of Viagra does what?

Answer 27

Inhibits cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5), which regulates blood flow into the penis

Question 28

All will depress respiration EXCEPT?

a. General Anesthesia
b. Nitrous Oxide
c. Cocaine

Answer 28

c. Cocaine