Angiology Flashcards
What is angiology?
the organs involved in blood and lymph circulation.
What are the components of the blood circulatory system?
the central pump = heart
the centrifugal vessels = arteries
the centripetal vessels = veins
What are the different areas of the heart?
right venous heart = cranial
left arterial heart = caudal
cardiac septum which separates the right and left side
atrium and ventricles
auriculoventricular foramen - communication between the atriums and ventricles.
What is the fossa ovale?
it is a depression in the cardiac septum.
What are the different parts of the right heart?
right atrium:
receives both cranial and caudal vena cavas. it also has cardiac veins and azygous vein orifices.
right ventricle:
two compartments = atrioventricular chamber/venous chamber and pulmonary infundibulum/arterial chamber.
columns of first order (papillary muscles)
columns of second order (chordae tendinae)
columns of third order (trabeculae corneae.
the right atrioventricular orifice = tricuspid valve
the pulmonary orifice = semilunar valve.
What are the different parts of the left heart?
left atrium:
auricle and sinus
5-6 large pulmonary artery orifices
left ventricle:
two compartments = atrioventricular/venous chamber and aortic infundibulum
columns of first order (papillary muscles)
columns of second order (chordae tendinae)
columns of third order (trabeculae cornea)
left atrioventricular orifice = mitral/bicuspid valve
aortic orifice = semilunar valve
What are the serous layers of the heart?
epi and endo- cardium
What supports the structure of the heart?
the ‘skeleton’ of the heart which is at the 4 orifices (atrioventricular and aortic areas).
in ruminants they are ossified bones, horses = cartilage plates and mammals = fibrous trigones.
What are features of myocardium fibers?
separate arrangements above and below fibrous areas.
there are myocardial fibers for each ventricle/atrium.
What is nodal tissue?
control system which conducts signals between atriums and ventricles.
sinus node = pacemaker - heart rate
atrioventricular node - pacemaker when the SA node fails.
The his bundle/atrioventricular bundle are in the right and left branches of ventricles.
What is the epicardium?
outer layer of the heart which is smooth and transparent.
What is the endocardium?
inner serous layer which lines cavities of the heart and forms heart valves by duplication.
Where do coronary arteries arise?
primitive aorta
What are the cardiac veins?
great cardiac vein/circumflex
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein
What are the categories of the nervous system?
cardio moderators - vagus nerve branches
cardio accelator - sympathetic system branches = cardiac plexus
