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Biopsychology 316 > Exam 4 - 3/14 > Flashcards

Exam 4 - 3/14 Flashcards

1
Q

_________ - involves an increase or decrease in physiological activity, feelings, and often characteristic behavior or facial expressions

A

Emotion

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2
Q

Emotion -
- involves an increase or decrease in physiological activity, _________, and often characteristic behavior or _________ expressions

A
  • feelings

- facial

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3
Q

Emotion is important for our survival

-Helps in responding to _________ situations

A

threatening

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4
Q

Emotions involve the _________ nervous system

A

autonomic

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5
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

_________ theory

  • Physiological arousal precedes emotion
  • Different patterns of physiological arousal cause different emotions
A

James-Lange theory (1893)

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6
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

James-Lange theory (1893)

  • Physiological arousal _________ emotion
  • Different patterns of physiological arousal _________ different emotions
A
  • precedes

- cause

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7
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

James-Lange theory (1893)

  • _________ arousal precedes emotion
  • Different patterns of physiological arousal cause different _________
A
  • Physiological

- emotions

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8
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

_________ theory

  • Emotion is based on the cognitive assessment of the situation
  • Physiological arousal contributes only to the intensity of the emotion
A

Schachter-Singer’s cognitive theory (1962)

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9
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Schachter-Singer’s cognitive theory (1962)

  • Emotion is based on the _________ assessment of the situation
  • Physiological arousal contributes only to the _________ of the emotion
A
  • cognitive

- intensity

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10
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Schachter-Singer’s cognitive theory (1962)

  • _________ is based on the cognitive assessment of the situation
  • _________ arousal contributes only to the intensity of the emotion
A
  • Emotion

- Physiological

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11
Q

Aggression is behavior that is intended to _________

A

harm

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12
Q

_________ aggression - animal attacks and kills its prey unemotionally

A

Predatory

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13
Q

Predatory aggression - animal attacks and kills its prey _________

A

unemotionally

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14
Q

_________ aggression – characterized by emotional arousal

A

Affective

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15
Q

Affective aggression – characterized by emotional _________

A

arousal

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16
Q

Affective aggression –

  • _________ aggression – unprovoked attack
  • _________ aggression – response to threat, caused by fear
A
  • Offensive

- Defensive

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17
Q

Affective aggression –

  • Offensive aggression – unprovoked _________
  • Defensive aggression – response to threat, caused by _________
A
  • attack

- fear

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18
Q

Predatory aggression in humans – _________

A

controversial

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19
Q

Aggression is influenced by both _________ and _________ factors

A
  • environment

- biological

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20
Q

-Aggression-

Biological influences include _________ and _________ influences

A
  • hormones

- neural

21
Q

-Aggression-

_________ play a larger role in aggression than _________ or neural influences in rats, particularly offensive aggression

A
  • Hormones

- environment

22
Q

-Aggression-

Testosterone is associated with increased offensive aggression in _________ and both testosterone and estrogen seem to influence aggression in _________

A
  • males

- females

23
Q

-Aggression-

Relationship between levels of testosterone and _________ in male prisoners

A

violence

24
Q

Correlation between levels of _________ and male prisoners – higher levels are associated with more violent _________

A
  • testosterone

- crimes

25
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

MRI and PET studies have found that many areas of the brain are involved in each _________

A

emotion

26
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research – _________ different neural pathways involved in defensive and _________ aggression

A
  • two

- predatory

27
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

Defensive aggression – _________ nucleus of amygdala to _________ hypothalamus to dorsal periaqueductal gray in hind brain

A
  • medial

- medial

28
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

_________ aggression – medial nucleus of amygdala to medial hypothalamus to dorsal periaqueductal gray in hind brain

A

Defensive

29
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

Defensive aggression – medial nucleus of amygdala to medial hypothalamus to _________ periaqueductal gray in _________ brain

A
  • dorsal

- hind

30
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

_________ aggression – lateral and central amygdala to lateral hypothalamus to ventral periaqueductal gray

A

Predatory

31
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

Predatory aggression – _________ amygdala to _________ hypothalamus to ventral periaqueductal gray

A
  • lateral and central

- lateral

32
Q

XXXXXXXXXX

Animal research –

Predatory aggression – lateral and central amygdala to lateral hypothalamus to _________ periaqueductal gray

A

-ventral

33
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

Tumors in _________ or septal regions can cause aggression

A

hypothalamus

34
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

Tumors in hypothalamus or _________ regions can cause aggression

A

-septal

35
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

_________ – seizures increases aggression while damage decreases aggression

A

Amygdala

36
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

Amygdala – seizures _________ aggression while damage _________ aggression

A
  • increases

- decreases

37
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

Higher activity in right _________ and right _________ in murderers – lesions of these areas decrease uncontrollable aggression

A
  • amygdala

- hypothalamus

38
Q

Human research-
-Increased aggression

Higher activity in right amygdala and right hypothalamus in murderers – lesions of these areas _________ uncontrollable aggression

A

decrease

39
Q

Human research-
-Decreased aggression

_________ controls impulsive behavior and therefore suppresses aggression – decreased activity in prefrontal cortex in murderers whose behavior was _________ and caused by intense emotion rather than premeditated

A
  • Prefrontal cortex

- impulsive

40
Q

Human research-
-Decreased aggression

Prefrontal cortex controls impulsive behavior and therefore _________ aggression – _________ activity in prefrontal cortex in murderers whose behavior was impulsive and caused by _________ emotion rather than premeditated

A
  • suppresses
  • decreased
  • intense
41
Q

Human research-
-Decreased aggression

_________ is associated with impulsiveness and decreased size of prefrontal lobes

A

Antisocial disorder

42
Q

Human research-
-Decreased aggression

Antisocial disorder is associated with impulsiveness and _________ size of prefrontal lobes

A

decreased

43
Q

_________ inhibits aggression

A

Serotonin

44
Q

Low serotonin is associated with _________ and with impulsive _________

A
  • impulsiveness

- aggression

45
Q

Levels of a serotonin metabolite are lower in _________ violent offenders than in offenders who’s crimes were _________

A
  • impulsive

- premeditated

46
Q

Lowering serotonin levels in brains of healthy volunteers playing a computer game _________ aggression in the players

A

increased

47
Q

People with _________ active forms of the gene involved in synthesizing _________ are more likely to report _________ and aggression, and to make violent suicide attempts

A
  • less
  • serotonin
  • anger
48
Q

Depressed individuals have _________ serotonin levels and do not become violent so role of serotonin is _________

A
  • lower

- complex

49
Q
  • LAST CARD -

Lesions of serotonin neurons in the lateral _________ of rats increased aggression towards _________ rats

A
  • hypothalamus

- intruder

Biopsychology 316 (14 decks)

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